IMPLEMENTATION OF A CLOUD-BASED DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING SYSTEM FOR BATIK SMES IN INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/aej.v16.24936Keywords:
Batik, Cloud-Based Manufacturing, Custom Design, Industry 4.0, SMEsAbstract
The adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the creative sector remains limited due to resource constraints and the manual nature of production processes. This study addresses this challenge by implementing a cloud-based design and manufacturing (CBDM) system specifically developed for SMEs in the Indonesian batik industry. The system integrates a web-based Computer-Aided Design (CAD) platform, automatic cost estimation, production scheduling, and remote CNC batik fabrication. The main problem addressed in this research is the lack of efficient, scalable, and customizable digital manufacturing systems for low-volume, high-variation craft industries such as batik. The system was evaluated based on three key performance metrics: design similarity between digital and physical products, production time, and scheduling accuracy. Experimental testing was conducted on eight traditional batik motifs and 30 customer orders. The results showed an average similarity score of 71%, average production time of 18 minutes, and 86,7% scheduling accuracy. Additionally, the system achieved 89,29% operational reliability over 22 hours of production. These findings demonstrate that CBDM can effectively support custom production in traditional industries while improving efficiency and responsiveness. The system contributes to increased competitiveness, reduced production time, and greater product customization, while preserving cultural heritage through modern engineering solutions. The implementation offers a practical solution for digital transformation among ASEAN creative industries and shows potential for replication in similar SME settings across the region.
References
[1] UN Trade and Development (UNCTAD), 2024. “Creative Economy Outlook 2024,” United Nations, New York,
[2] D. Andansari, K. H. Bin Kamarudin, D. Shyafary, and H. Pristanti, 2023. “Innovation of craft and batik products in the industrial revolution 4.0 era in Indonesia,” in AIP Conference Proceedings, American Institute of Physics Inc., DOI: 10.1063/5.0120511.
[3] S. I. Syed Shaharuddin et al., 2021, “A Review on the Malaysian and Indonesian Batik Production, Challenges, and Innovations in the 21st Century,” Sage Open, 11(3): 1–19. DOI: 10.1177/21582440211040128.
[4] Y. A. Rochman, A. Sudiarso, and M. K. Herliansyah, 2024, “Development of Lean Implementation Framework for Indonesian Batik Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises,” International Journal of Engineering, Transactions B: Applications, 37(11): 2223–2238, DOI: 10.5829/ije.2024.37.11b.09.
[5] R. A. Rahadi, D. Rahmawati, N. Armelia Windasari, and P. Fajarinda Belgiawan, 2020, “The Analysis of Consumers’ Preferences for Batik Products in Indonesia,” Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 9(1): 278–287, DOI: https://doi.org/10.58745/riber.
[6] W. Wibawanto, Triyanto, A. Cahyono, and T. R. Rohendi, 2020, “Digital Innovation for Traditional Batik Crafter,” PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences, 6(2): 568–574, DOI: 10.20319/pijss.2020.62.568574.
[7] E. E. Pujiastuti, H. S. Utomo, Suratna, and S. Haryono, 2023, “Breaking Down Consumer Preferences: What Drives the Millennial Generation’s Choices in Batik Clothing?” in International Conference on Advance Research in Social and Economic Science (ICARSE), 39–46. DOI: 10.2991/978-2-38476-048-0_5.
[8] A. Mekaniwati, A. T. Bon, B. Rainanto, and E. Lulaj, 2023, “Sustainable Performance for Batik Small and Medium Enterprises Viewed from Dynamic Capabilities, Marketing Orientation and Green Marketing,” Central European Management Journal, 31(2): 639–652, DOI: 10.57030/23364890.cemj.31.2.66.
[9] A. Sudiarso and R. Kusumawardani, 2018. “Implementation of Batik Machine to Improve Hand - Drawn Batik Production Time,” International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable Development (ICCEESD), 24: 150–157
[10] D. S. E. Atmaja, H. Herianto, M. K. Herliansyah, and A. Sudiarso, 2023, “Bibliometric Analysis: Research on Batik in International Publications,” International Journal of Innovation in Enterprise System, 7(02): 134–144. DOI: 10.25124/ijies.v7i02.226.
[11] D. Wu, D. W. Rosen, L. Wang, and D. Schaefer, 2015, “Cloud-based design and manufacturing: A new paradigm in digital manufacturing and design innovation,” CAD Computer Aided Design, 59: 1–14, DOI: 10.1016/j.cad.2014.07.006.
[12] D. Schaefer, 2014. Cloud-Based Design and Manufacturing (CBDM): A service-oriented product development paradigm for the 21st century, Springer International Publishing, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-07398-9.
[13] Y. Wu, F. He, D. Zhang, and X. Li, 2018, “Service-Oriented Feature-Based Data Exchange for Cloud-Based Design and Manufacturing,” IEEE Transactions On Services Computing 11(2): 341–353, DOI: 10.1109/TSC.2015.2501981.
[14] D. Wu, D. W. Rosen, and D. Schaefer, 2014, “Cloud-based design and manufacturing: Status and promise,” in Cloud-Based Design and Manufacturing (CBDM): A Service-Oriented Product Development Paradigm for the 21st Century, 1–24. Springer International Publishing. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-07398-9_1.
[15] K. Cheng and R. J. Bateman, 2008, “e-Manufacturing: Characteristics, applications and potentials,” Progress in Natural Science, 18(11): 1323–1328, DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2008.03.027.
[16] M. A. Rahman et al., 2022, “A Cloud-Based Cyber-Physical System with Industry 4.0: Remote and Digitized Additive Manufacturing,” Automation, 3(3): 400–425. DOI: 10.3390/automation3030021.
[17] P. K. Fergiawan, P. W. Anggoro, A. T. Yuniarto, K. B. Purwanto, and O. D. W. Widyanarka, 2020, “Ceramic Jewelry with Texture and Ornament Islamic Pattern and Batik Indonesia—Design, Manufacturing, and Fabrication,” in Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 723–733 Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-4481-1_69.
[18] S. Rianmora and C. Raksiri, 2022, “A Development of Computer Aided Program for Aluminium Die-Casting Mold Design,” Engineering Journal, 26(3): 51–69. DOI: 10.4186/ej.2022.26.3.51.
[19] S. Rianmora, N. Samorhom, and W. Chaidilok, 2024, “Utilizing CNC Router Machine to Construct a Prototype Incorporation Principles of Solid-based Rapid Prototyping Process and Interlocking Brick Design,” Engineering Journal, 28(8): 13–31, DOI: 10.4186/ej.2024.28.8.13.
[20] D. Wu, M. J. Greer, D. W. Rosen, and D. Schaefer, 2013. “Cloud manufacturing: Strategic vision and state-of-the-art, Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 32(4): 564-579, DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsy.2013.04.008.
[21] R. Henzel and G. Herzwurm, 2018, “Cloud Manufacturing: A state-of-the-art survey of current issues,” in Procedia CIRP, 947–952.Elsevier B.V. DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2018.03.055.
[22] I. Jacob, Y. Lu, and X. Xu, 2022, “Cloud Manufacturing - An Overview of Developments In Critical Areas, Prototypes, and Future Perspectives,” in IFAC-PapersOnLine, 643–648. Elsevier B.V. DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2022.09.474.
[23] K. Mubarok and M. K. Umami, 2020, “Cloud Manufacturing: An Approach to Strengthen Global Competitiveness of the Indonesian Small and Medium Manufacturing Enterprises,” in Proceedings of the International Conference on Culture Heritage, Education, Sustainable Tourism, and Innovation Technologies (CESIT 2020), 185–192. DOI: 10.5220/0010305900003051.
[24] C. Ellwein, S. Neff, and A. Verl, 2020, “Cloud manufacturing: An automated literature review,” in Procedia CIRP, 251–256. Elsevier B.V. DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2020.01.006.
[25] X. Vincent Wang, L. Wang, and M. Givehchi, 2015, “ICMS: A Cloud-Based System for Production Management,” n Advances in Production Management Systems: Innovative Production Management Towards Sustainable Growth (APMS), 460: 444–451, Springer International Publishing, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22759-7_52.
[26] L. Zeballos and O. Quiroga, 2017. “From Computer Integrated Manufacturing to Cloud Manufacturing,” International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 30(6): 501–515, DOI: 10.1080/0951192X.2014.902105.
[27] N. Suparmanto, A. Maria, S. Asih, A. Sudiarso, and I. Santoso, 2024. “The Design and Evaluation of CAD Custom Batik User Interface,” International Journal on Advanced Sciences Engineering Information Technology 14(2): 439–450. DOI: 10.18517/ijaseit.14.2.18807.
[28] N. Suparmanto, A. M. Sri Asih, A. Sudiarso, and E. Permanasari, 2024, “Pricing Decision System for Custom Design Batik,” International Journal on Informatics Visualization (JOIV), 8(1): 123–133, DOI: 10.62527/joiv.8.1.2000.
[29] N. Suparmanto, A. M. S. Asih, A. Sudiarso, and P. I. Santosa, 2024, “Interface design features and evaluation of batik 4.0 mobile application,” Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 33(3): 1604–1619, DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v33.i3.pp1604-1619
[30] ISO/IEC 25010. 2023. “Systems and software engineering-Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE)-Product quality model,” Switzerland, 23AD.
