STUDY ON ADHESION STRENGTH OF TIN COATED BIOMEDICAL TI-13ZR-13NB ALLOY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v80.10746Keywords:
Biomaterial, Ti-13Zr-13Nb, adhesion strength, TiN and CAPVDAbstract
One of the crucial factors which determine the success of coated implantation and stability in the long run is the strength of adhesion between the coating and substrate. After implantation, a weakly adhered coating may delaminate and this might seriously restrict the implant’s effectiveness and longevity. Based on past studies, the quality of TiN coating is directly influenced by the process parameters. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of N2 gas flow rate on adhesion strength of biomedical grade Ti-13Zr-13Nb alloy. In this research, N2 gas flow rate of 100, 200 and 300 sccm were varied while the other parameters (substrate temperature and bias voltage) were fixed. The scratch testing method was used to examine the adhesion strength of the TiN coating. This research used the calibrated optical images to verify the total coating failures on the scratched coated samples. The results indicated that the micro droplet form on the TiN coating decreases as the flow rate of the N2 gas increases. In contrast, the TiN coating’s adhesion strength increases with the increase of N2 gas flow rate. It can be concluded that N2 gas flow rate was significant factor in improving the coating properties of TiN on Ti-13Zr-13Nb alloy.Â
References
Geetha, M., Singh, A. K., Asokamani, R., Gogia, A. K. 2009. Ti Based Biomaterials, The Ultimate Choice for Orthopaedic Implants - A Review. Progress in Materials Science. 54(3): 397-425.
Majumdar, P., Singh, S. B., Chakraborty, M. 2008. Wear Response of Heat-treated Ti-13Zr-13Nb Alloy in Dry Condition and Simulated Body Fluid. Wear. 264(11-12): 1015-1025.
Polini, R., Barletta, M., Cristofanilli, G. 2010. Wear Resistance of Nano- and Micro-crystalline Diamond Coatings Onto WC-Co with Cr/CrN Interlayers. Thin Solid Films. 519(5): 1629-1635.
Subramanian, B., Ananthakumar, R., Jayachandran, M. 2011. Structural and Tribological Properties of DC Reactive Magnetron Sputtered Titanium/Titanium Nitride (Ti/Tin) Multilayered Coatings. Surface and Coatings Technology. 205(11): 3485-3492.
Luo, Y., Ge, S. 2009. Fretting wear Behavior of Nitrogen Ion Implanted Titanium Alloys in Bovine Serum Lubrication. Tribology International. 42(9): 1373-1379.
Sathish, S., Geetha, M., Aruna, S. T., Balaji, N., Rajam, K. S., Asokamani, R. 2011. Sliding Wear Behavior of Plasma Sprayed Nanoceramic Coatings for Biomedical Applications. Wear. 271: 934-941.
Cassar, G., Wilson, J. C. A.-B., Banfield, S., Housden, J., Matthews, A., Leyland, A. 2010. A Study of the Reciprocating-sliding Wear Performance of Plasma Surface Treated Titanium Alloy. Wear. 269(1-2): 60-70.
Izman, S., Shah, A., Abdul-Kadir, M. R., Nazim, E. M., Anwar, M., Hassan, M. A., Safari, H. 2012. Effect of Thermal Oxidation Temperature on Rutile Structure Formation of Biomedical TiZrNb Alloy. Advanced Material Research. 393-395: 704-708.
Shah, A., Izman, S., Fasehah, S. N. 2016. Study on Micro Droplet Reduction on Tin Coated Biomedical TI-13ZR-13NB Alloy. Jurnal Teknologi. 78(5-10): 1-5
Shah, A., Izman, S., Hassan, M. A. 2016. Influence of Nitrogen Flow Rate in Reducing Tin Microdroplets on Biomedical TI-13ZR-13NB Alloy. Jurnal Teknologi. 78(5-10): 6-10.
Lacefeld, W. R. 1999. Hydroxylapatite Coatings. In: L.L. Hench, J. L. Wilson (eds.). Introduction to Bioceramics. World Scientific Publishing Co.Pte.Ltd., London. 223-238.
Sathish, S., Geetha, M., Pandey, N. D., Richard, C., Asokamani, R. 2010. Studies on the Corrosion and Wear Behavior of the Laser Nitrided Biomedical Titanium and Its Alloys. Materials Science and Engineering: C. 30(3): 376-382.
Hoseini, M., Jedenmalm, A., Boldizar, A. 2008. Tribological Investigation of Coatings for Artificial Joints. Wear. 264(11-12): 958-966.
Nolan, D., Huang, S.W., Leskovsek, V., Braun, S. 2006. Sliding Wear of Titanium Nitride Thin Films Deposited on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by PVD and Plasma Nitriding Processes. Surface and Coatings Technology. 200(20-21): 5698-5705.
Kim, W.-G., Choe, H.-C. 2012. Effects of TiN Coating on the Corrosion of Nanostructured Ti–30Ta–xZr Alloys for Dental Implants. Applied Surface Science. 258(6): 1929-1934.
Subramanian, B., Jayachandran, M. 2008. Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Magnetron Sputtered TiN Coated Steel in Simulated Bodily Fluid and Its Hemocompatibility. Materials Letters. 62(10-11): 1727-1730.
Choe, H. C., Lee, C. H., Jeong, Y. H., Ko, Y. M., Son, M. K., Chung, C. H. 2011. Fatigue Fracture of Implant System Using TiN and WC Coated Abutment Screw. Procedia Engineering. 10(0): 680-685.
Vadiraj, A., Kamaraj, M. 2006. Characterization of Fretting Fatigue Damage of PVD TiN Coated Biomedical Titanium Alloys. Surface and Coatings Technology. 200(14-15): 4538-4542
Vadiraj, A., Kamaraj, M. 2007. Effect of surface Treatments on Fretting Fatigue Damage of Biomedical Titanium Alloys. Tribology International. 40(1): 82-88.
Stallard, J., Poulat, S., Teer, D. G. 2006. The Study of the Adhesion of a TiN Coating on Steel and Titanium Alloy Substrates Using a Multi-mode Scratch Tester. Tribology International. 39(2): 159-166
Kelly, P. J., vom Braucke, T., Liu, Z., Arnell, R. D., Doyle, E. D. 2007. Pulsed DC Titanium Nitride Coatings for Improved Tribological Performance and Tool Life. Surface and Coatings Technology. 202(4-7): 774-780.
Gerth, J., Wiklund, U. 2008. The influence of Metallic Interlayers on the Adhesion of PVD TiN Coatings on High-speed Steel. Wear. 264(9-10): 885-892.
Kataria, S., Kumar, N., Dash, S., Ramaseshan, R., Tyagi, A. K. 2010. Evolution of Deformation and Friction During Multimode Scratch Test on TiN coated D9 Steel. Surface and Coatings Technology. 205(3): 922-927.
Mohseni, E., Zalnezhad, E., Bushroa, A. R., Abdel Magid, H., Goh, B. T., Yoon, G. H. 2015. Ti/TiN/HA Coating on Ti–6Al–4V for Biomedical Applications. Ceramics International. 41(10, Part B): 14447-14457.
Kim, H. T., Park, J. Y., Park, C. 2012. Effects of Nitrogen Flow Rate on Titanium Nitride Films Deposition by DC Facing target Sputtering Method. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering.
Mubarak, A., Hamzah, E., Toff, M. R. M. 2008. Study of Macrodroplet and Growth Mechanisms with and Without Ion Etchings on the Properties of TiN Coatings Deposited on HSS using Cathodic arc Physical Vapour Deposition Technique. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 474(1-2): 236-242.
Krishnan, V., Krishnan, A., Remya, R., Ravikumar, K. K., Nair, S. A., Shibli, S. M. A., Varma, H. K., Sukumaran, K., Kumar, K. J. 2011. Development and Evaluation of Two PVD-coated β-titanium Orthodontic Archwires for Fluoride-induced Corrosion Protection. Acta Biomaterialia. 7(4): 1913-1927.
Mubarak, A., Hamzah, E., Abbas, T., Toff, M. R. M., QaziI, I. A. 2008. Macrodroplet Reduction and Growth Mechanisms in Cathodic Arc Physical Vapor Deposition of Tin Films. Surface Review and Letters. 15(5): 653-659.
Perry, A. J. 1981. Adhesion Studies of Ion-plated TiN on Steel. Thin Solid Films. 81(4): 357-366.
Je, J. H., Gyarmati, E., Naoumidis, A. 1986. Scratch Adhesion Test of Reactively Sputtered Tin Coatings on a Soft Substrate. Thin Solid Films. 136(1): 57-67.
Bull, S. J., Rickerby, D. S., Matthews, A., Leyland, A., Pace, A. R., Valli, J. 1988. The Use of Scratch Adhesion Testing for the Determination of Interfacial Adhesion: The Importance of Frictional Drag. Surface and Coatings Technology. 36(1-2): 503-517.
Bull, S. J., Rickerby, D. S. 1990. Failure Modes in Scratch Adhesion Testing: Some Observations. In: T.S.S.a.D.G. Bhat (ed.). Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference, Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, Warrendale. 153-169.
Farè, S., Lecis, N., Vedani, M., Silipigni, A., Favoino, P. 2012. Properties of Nitrided Layers Formed During Plasma Nitriding of Commercially Pure Ti and Ti–6Al–4V Alloy. Surface and Coatings Technology. 206(8-9): 2287-2292.
Berg, G., Friedrich, C., Broszeit, E., Kloos, K.H. 1995. Comparison of Fundamental Properties of r.f.-sputtered TiNx and HfNx Coatings on Steel Substrates. Surface and Coatings Technology. 74-75 (PART 1): 135-142.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.
