Pembentukan TPS dalam Pembuatan Lean: Satu Kajian Perbandingan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v63.1127Keywords:
Lean, TPS, pengurusan kualiti, perkakas kualitiAbstract
Pembuatan Lean dan Toyota Production System (TPS) merupakan amalan atau falsafah pengurusan kualiti yang popular di kalangan pengusaha pembuatan. Tujuan utamanya adalah untuk meminimumkan pembaziran dalam pengeluaran dan memberi fokus kepada aktiviti yang mampu menambah nilai. Selain daripada mencari persamaan ataupun perbezaan, kajian ini menggabung serta merungkaikan teori pembuatan lean dan TPS. Kajian kes juga telah dijalankan, dan melibatkan temu bual di tiga syarikat yang terpilih. Pelbagai faktor yang membezakan pembuatan lean dengan TPS telah dibincangkan bagi membuktikan kedua-dua falsafah ini adalah berlainan. Keputusan perbandingan menunjukkan bahawa pembuatan lean dan TPS adalah berbeza dari segi faktor masa, prinsip, tujuan, matlamat, penjenamaan, teknik dan pelaksanaan.. Syarikat-syarikat lebih cenderung mengamalkan lima prinsip pembuatan lean dan sebahagian prinsip TPS dengan mengaplikasikan lima teknik atau konsep amalan kualiti utama iaitu 5S, Kerja Terpiawai, VSM, JIT dan Kaizen. Melalui kajian kes ini, didapati bahawa kekurangan kerjasama daripada pembekal serta pemahaman dan kesedaran pekerja yang rendah merupakan halangan utama dalam pelaksanaan pembuatan lean atau TPS. Kajian ini boleh dijadikan sebagai satu rujukan kepada pembaca dan syarikat-syarikat yang bercadang untuk melaksanakan pembuatan lean atau TPS.
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