RISK FACTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AMONG ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION MALE PATIENTS IN MALAYSIA FROM 2006 TO 2013

Nurliyana Juhan; Zarina Mohd Khalid; Yong Zulina Zubairi; Ahmad Syadi Mahmood Zuhdi; Wan Azman Wan Ahmad

doi:10.11113/jt.v81.12194

Authors

Nurliyana Juhan Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia Preparatory Centre for Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Sabah, Malaysia http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1557-9145
Zarina Mohd Khalid Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2473-3412
Yong Zulina Zubairi Centre for Foundation Studies in Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6174-7285
Ahmad Syadi Mahmood Zuhdi Cardiology Unit, University Malaya Medical Centre, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5349-0301
Wan Azman Wan Ahmad Department of Internal Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4291-0486

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v81.12194

Keywords:

STEMI, cardiovascular, male, risk factor, regression analysis

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in Malaysia and globally. This study aimed to identify associated risk factors in cardiovascular disease among ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) male patients and obtain a feasible model to describe the data. A total of 16,673 STEMI male patients from 18 participating hospitals across Malaysia in the National Cardiovascular Disease Database-Acute Coronary Syndrome (NCVD-ACS) registry year 2006-2013 were analysed. Univariate analysis was conducted. Significant variables from the univariate analysis were further analysed by a multivariate logistic analysis to identify the prognostic factors. The most prevalent risk factor for male patients was smoking (79.3%), followed by hypertension (54.9%) and diabetes mellitus (40.4%). At univariate level, this study is consistent with the findings from the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) where smoking is a significant risk factor. After adjustment in multivariate logistic model, the risk factors for cardiovascular death among male patients are related to age, premorbid condition such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, family history of CVD, Killip class, type of treatment such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and relevant comorbidity such as renal disease. Drastic efforts in the management of all risk factors in males is needed to improve adherence outcomes.

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