Yield Performance and Biological Efficiency of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) and Palm Pressed Fibre (PPF) as Substrates for the Cultivation of Pleurotus Ostreatus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v64.1243Keywords:
Pleurotus ostreatus, palm biomass, substrates, palm pressed fiber, palm empty fruit bunchAbstract
This research was undertaken to evaluate the performance yield and biological efficiency of empty fruit bunch (EFB) and shredded palm pressed fibers (PPF) as an alternative substrate which is widely available for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus. Currently rubber tree sawdust (RS) is used which is of limited supply. In this study, five different substrates were prepared either alone or in combinations in the ratio of 1:1 with rubber tree sawdust. These substrates were supplemented with fixed ratio of rice bran and limestone to increase the yield of Pleurotus ostreatus. Shredded palm pressed fiber (PPF) and rubber sawdust (RS) in the ratio of 1:1 took 52 days for the mycelium to fully colonize the substrate as compared to 49 days for rubber saw dust alone. The performance yield and biological efficiency observed for the substrates comprising of 50% PPF and 50% rubber tree sawdust and 50% EFB and 50% rubber tree sawdust(RS) are 2.325 kg with a biological efficiency of 232.5% and 1.380 kg with a biological efficiency of 138%, respectively. The results obtained show that both shredded palm pressed fiber (PPF) and empty fruit bunch (EFB) show great potential as substrate for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus when incorporated with rubber tree sawdust (RS).
References
Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB). 2009. Malaysian Palm Oil Industry Performance 2008. Global Oils and Fats Business Magazine. 6(1): 1–4.
Chow, M. C. 2005. An Assessment of Potential and Availability of Palm Biomass for Bioconversion to Bioethanol. A Report Prepared Under the Malaysian-Danish Environment Cooperation Programme Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Component, Malaysia Energy Centre (PTM).
Malaysian Industrial Development Authority (MIDA). 2009. Malaysian: Performance of the Manufacturing and Services Sectors 2008.
Singh, G. 2000. The Malaysian Oil Palm Industry Progress Towards Environmentally Sound and Sustainable Crop Production. Industry and Environmental Quarterly. 22(2): 45–48.
Igwe, J. C., Onyegbado, C. C. 2007. A Review of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Water Treatment. Global Journal of Environmental Research. 1(2): 54–62.
Sánchez, C. 2010. Cultivation of Pleurotus Ostreatus and Other Edible Mushrooms. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 85: 1321–1337.
Gregori, A., Svagelj, M., Pohleven, J. 2007. Cultivation Techniques and Medicinal Properties of Pleurotus spp. Food Technol. Biotechnol. 45(3): 238–249.
Sun, X., Zhang, R., Zhang, Y. 2004. Production of Lignocellulolytic Enzymes by Trametes gallica and Detection of Polysaccharide Hydrolase and Laccase Activities in Polyacrylamide Gels. Journal of Basic Microbiology. 44: 220–231.
Mane, V.P., Patil, S. S., Syed, A. A. and Baig, M. M. V. 2007. Bioconversion of Low Quality Lignocellulosic Agricultural Waste Into Edible Protein by Pleurotues sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer. Journal of Zhejiang University Sci. B. 8(10): 745–751.
Yildiz, S., Yildiz, Ü. C., Geser, E. D. and Temiz, A. 2002. Some Lignocellulosic Wastes Used as Raw Material in Cultivation of the Pleurotus ostreatus Culture Mushroom. Process Biochemistry. 38: 301–306.
Dundar, A., Acay, H. and Yildiz, A. 2009. Effect of using Different Lignocellulosic Wastes for Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm. On Mushroom Yield, Chemical Composition and Nutritional Value. African Journal of Biotechnology. 8(4): 662–666.
Ahmed, S. A., Kadam, J. A., Mane, V.P., Patil, S. S. and Baig, M. M. V. 2009. Biological Efficiency and Nutritional Contents of Pleurotus Florida (Mont.) Singer Cultivated on Different Agro-wastes. Nature and Science. 7(1): 44–48.
Yildiz, A. and Karakaplan, M. 2003. Evaluation of Some Agricultural Wastes for the Cultivation of Edible Mushrooms: Pleurotus ostreatus var. Salignus. J. Food Sci. Technol. 40: 290–292.
Pathmashini, L., Arulnandhy, V. and Wijeratnam RSW. 2008. Cultivation of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) on Sawdust. Cey. J. Sci. (Bio. Sci.). 37(2): 177–182.
Vetayasuporn, S. 2007. The Feasibility of Using Coconut Residue as a Substrate for Oyster Mushroom Cultivation. Biotechnology. 6(4): 578–582.
Shah, Z. A., Ashraf, M. and Ishtiaq, Ch. M. 2004. Comparative Study on Cultivation and Yield Performance of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) on Different Substrates (wheat straw, leaves, saw dust). Pakistan Journal of Nutrition. 3(3): 158–160.
Onuoha, C. I., Uchechi, U. and Onuoha, B. C. 2009. Cultivation of Pleurotus Pulmonarius (mushroom) using Some Agrowaste Materials. Agricultural Journal. 4(2): 109–112.
Patil, S. S., Kadam, R. M., Shinde, S. L. and Deshmukh, S. A. 2008. Effect of different Substrate on Productivity and Proximate Composition of P. florida. International Journal Plant Science. 3(1): 151–153.
Philippoussis, A, Zervakis, G. and Diamantopoulou, P. 2001. Bioconversion of Agricultural Lignocellulosic Wastes Through the Cultivation of the Edible Mushrooms Agrocybe aegerita, Volvariella volvacea and Pleurotus spp. World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology. 17: 191–200.
Zhang, R., Xiujin, L. and Fadel, J. G. 2002. Oyster Mushroom Cultivation with Rice and Wheat Straw. Bioresource Technology. 82: 277–284.
Poppe, J. 2004. Agricultural Wastes as Substrates for Oyster Mushroom. In: Mushroom Growers’ Handbook 1. MushWorld. 75–85.
Stajic´, M., Persky, L., Friesem, D., Hadar, Y., Wasser, S. P., Nevo, E et al. 2006. Effect of Different Carbon And Nitrogen Sources on Laccase and Peroxidases Production by Selected Pleurotus Species. Enzyme and Microbiol. Technol. 38: 65–73.
Pandey A. 2003. Solid-state Fermentation. Biochemical Engineering Journal. 13: 81–84.
Viniegra-González, G., Favela-Torres, E., Aguilar, C. N., Romero- Gómez, S. J., DÃaz-GodÃnez, G. and Augur, C. 2003. Advantages of Fungal Enzyme Production in Solid State Over Liquid Fermentation Systems. Biotechnology Engineering Journal. 13: 157–167.
Patrabansh, S. and Madan, M. 1997. Studies on Cultivation, Biological Efficiency and Chemical Analysis of Pleurotus sajor-caju (FR.) SINGER on Different Bio-wastes. Acta Biotechnol. 17(2): 107–122.
Siddhant and Singh, C. S. 2009. Recycling of Spent Oyster Mushroom Substrate Recover Additional Value. Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology. 5(II): 66–71.
Nguyen, T. B. 2004. Rubber Tree Sawdust. In: Mushroom Growers’ Handbook 1. MushWorld. 116–119.
Petchpradab, P., Yoshida, T., Charinpanitkul, T. and Matsumura, Y. 2009. Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Rubber Wood for the Saccharification Process. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 48: 4587–4591.
Abe, H., Katayama, A., Sah, B. P., Toriu, T., Sammy, S., Pheach, P et al. 2007. Potential for Rural Electrification Based on Biomass Gasification in Cambodia. Biomass and Bioenergy. 31:656–664.
Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus spp. In: Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms: 2006. OECD Consensus Documents. Vol. 1. OECD Publishing. 277–292.
BioCentrum-Denmark’s Technical University. 2008. Ethanol potential for Empty Fruit Bunches Pre-treatment by Wet-Explosion. A Report Prepared under the Malaysian-Danish Environmental Cooperation Programme Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Component.
Mahlia, T. M. I., Abdulmuin, M. Z., Alamsyah, T. M. I. and Mukhlishien, D. 2001. An Alternative Energy Source From Palm Wastes Industry for Malaysia and Indonesia. Energy Conversion and Management. 42: 2109–2118.
Chang, S. T., Lau, O. W. and Cho, K. Y. 1981. The Cultivation and Nutritional Value of Pleuortus Sajor-caju. European J. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 12: 58–62.
Zadrazil, F. 1980. Influence of Ammonium Nitrate and Organic Supplement on the Yield of Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Sing. Eur. J. Applied Microbiol. Biotechnol. 9: 31–34.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.
