TREATING PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT BY ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS USING SUBMERGED MECHANICAL AERATOR/AGITATOR REPLACING SURFACE AERATOR

Authors

  • Yahaya Hawari Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Wira Jazair Yahya Vehicle System Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Semarak, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Ikuma Sonda Hanshin Engineering Co., Ltd., 2-26-7 Shikanjima, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0014, Japan
  • Hirotaka Kawashima Hanshin Engineering Co., Ltd., 2-26-7 Shikanjima, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0014, Japan
  • Zahari Mohamad Vehicle System Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Semarak, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Muhammad Aiman Abu Bakar Vehicle System Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Semarak, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Hasannuddin Abd Kadir Vehicle System Engineering, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Semarak, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v81.13147

Keywords:

Activated sludge method, aeration, agitation, palm oil, palm oil mill effluent

Abstract

Activated sludge process (ASP) is gaining recognition as a process technique for the control of biological oxygen demand (BOD) in palm oil mill effluent (POME). Surface aerators or diffusing plates are often used in aeration tanks serving as core of the ASP. For consistent improvement in water quality within the aeration tank utilising the ASP and in particular, mitigating its BOD effluent stream, this study replaced the surface aerator with submerged mechanical aerator/agitator incorporating separate “agitation function†and “agitation diffusing function†intended for use in aeration tank of polishing plant that contains surface aerators. In order to confirm the activated state of the sludge in the aeration tanks, sludge was observed by microscopy (magnification 600 ´ or lower). The water analysis, POME, BOD, ammonium, and total nitrogen were analsyed. As a result of the study, improvement in water quality criteria including the agitation state in the aeration tank, mixed liquid dissolved oxygen, and BOD were observed. The BOD has improved from 34.7% to 93.1% at a maximum removal rate.

References

Kushairi, A. 2017. Malaysian Palm Oil Performance 2016 and Future Prospects for 2017. http:// www.mpob.gov.my/images/stories/pdf/2017/2017_Dr.KushairiPALMEROS2017.pdf, accessed in September 2017.

Enforcement Division, Department of Environmental Malaysia. 2013. Malaysia’s Requirements on Industrial Effluent Treatment Systems. The WEPA Workship and Annual Meeting 18th – 21st February 2013. 14-15.

Soh, K., L. Mei, E., L. Muzzammil, N. Weng, S., L. Yuen, M., C. Zhenjia, Z. Jumat, S. 2013. Zero Discharge Treatment Technology of Palm Oil Mill Effluent. Journal of Oil Palm Research. 25(3): 273-281.

Busby, S., J., W. Thomas, C., M., and Brown, N., L. 2013. Molecular Microbiology. Birmingham: UK-Springer.

Kumar, S., R. 2007. Efficiency of Aeration System in Wastewater Treatment Plants. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.

American Public Health Association (APHA). 2005. Standard Method for Examination Of Water And Wastewater.

Flanders, K., R. Reich, R. Himelreich, L., E. Gary, G., James, W., M. Harry, W. H. 1994. The Impact of Alpha on the Feasibility of Fine Bubble Diffusers in Industrial Wastewater. Proceedings of the 49th Industrial Waste Conference. Purdue University.

Ma, A., N. Lee, K., M., and Choo, K., C. 1988. Full Scale Sequencing Batch Reactor Treatment of Palm Oil Refinery Wastewater. PORIM Bulletin.

Ibrahim, A., H. Dahlan, I. Adlan, M., N., and Dasti, A., F. 2012. Comparative Study on Characterization of Malaysian Palm Oil Mill Effluent. Research Journal of Chemical Sciences. 2(12): 3.

Damayanti, A. Ujang, Z. Salim, M., R., and Olsson, G. 2011. The Effect of Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids (MLSS) on Biofouling in a Hybrid Membrane Bioreactor for the Treatment of High Concentration Organic Wastewater. Water Science and Technology. 63(8):1701-1706.

Alam, M., Z. and Fakhru’l-Razi, A. 2002. Effect of Agitation an Aeration on Bioconversion of Domestic Wastewater Sludge in a Batch Fermenter. Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering. 37(6): 1087-1097.

Neyestanak, A., A., L. Tarybakhsh, M., R., and Daneshmand, S. 2017. Study on the Effect of Jet Velocity on Mixing Performance and Sludge Prevention in Large-Scale Crude-Oil Tanks by the CFD Technique. Journal of Chemists and Chemical Engineers of Croatia. 66(6): 229-239.

Winconsin Department of Natural Resources. 2012. Advanced Activated Sludge Study Guide. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources: Wastewater Operator Certification.

Adonadaga, M. 2015. Effect of Dissolved Oxygen Concentration on Morphology and Settleability of Activated Sludge Flocs. Journal of Applied & Environmental Microbiology. 3(2): 31-37.

MPOB. 2017. Economic and Industry Development Division. http://bepi.mpob.gov.my.

Ecos Environment Consultants Limited. (2013, March 22). Wastewater Nitrification: How it works. [web log post] Retrieved from http://www.ecos.ie/wastewater-nitrification-how-it-works/.

Downloads

Published

2019-04-01

Issue

Section

Science and Engineering

How to Cite

TREATING PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT BY ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS USING SUBMERGED MECHANICAL AERATOR/AGITATOR REPLACING SURFACE AERATOR. (2019). Jurnal Teknologi, 81(3). https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v81.13147