METHYLENE BLUE REMOVAL USING COCONUT SHELL BIOCHAR SYNTHESIZED THROUGH MICROWAVE-ASSISTED PYROLYSIS

Authors

  • Dwi Nuryana Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Kampus Sekaran, Gunungpati, Semarang 50229 Indonesia
  • Muhammad Fahrul Rahman Alim Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Kampus Sekaran, Gunungpati, Semarang 50229 Indonesia
  • Maizatulakmal Yahayu School of Chemical and Energy Engineering (FCEE), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Muhammad Abbas Ahmad School of Chemical and Energy Engineering (FCEE), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Raja Safazliana Raja Sulong bSchool of Chemical and Energy Engineering (FCEE), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Muhammad Fakhrul Syukri Abd Aziz bSchool of Chemical and Energy Engineering (FCEE), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Haniif Prasetiawan Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Kampus Sekaran, Gunungpati, Semarang 50229 Indonesia
  • Zainul Akmar Zakaria School of Chemical and Energy Engineering (FCEE), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Ratna Dewi Kusumaningtyas Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Kampus Sekaran, Gunungpati, Semarang 50229 Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v82.14359

Keywords:

Coconut, Biochar, Microwave, Pyrolysis, Methylene blue

Abstract

Indonesia is the world’s second largest producer of coconut. This at the same time resulted in huge generation of coconut shell waste that need to be properly managed to prevent environmental contamination such as water, air and soil pollution. Current techniques of physical and thermal processing are time and energy consuming. This study reports on the conversion of coconut shell biomass into biochar using microwave-assisted pyrolysis (MAP). The MAP processes were carried out at different microwave power (550-650W) and   residence time (15-25 minutes). Two of the highest biochar yields were obtained at 550W with the residence times of 15 minutes (91.31 wt%, termed as S1) and 20 minutes (83.88 wt%, termed as S2), respectively. Both values were higher than biochar yield obtained using conventional pyrolysis process i.e. 30.10 wt%. Both S1 and S2 showed considerable capacity to remove 0.6875 mg.g-1 and 0.5165 mg.g-1 methylene blue which had the initial concentration of 25 mg.L-1. The adsorption efficiencies of S1 and S2 biochars were 55.00% and 41.32%, respectively. Results obtained from the FTIR, FESEM and BET analysis also supported the methylene blue removal properties of both S1 and S2, respectively. As a conclusion, coconut shell showed potential as a useful raw material to produce biochar that can be used for methylene blue removal from solution. Nevertheless, more investigation need to be carried out prior to commercialization venture of the coconut-shell based biochar.

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Published

2020-07-20

Issue

Vol. 82 No. 5: September 2020

Section

Science and Engineering

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How to Cite

METHYLENE BLUE REMOVAL USING COCONUT SHELL BIOCHAR SYNTHESIZED THROUGH MICROWAVE-ASSISTED PYROLYSIS. (2020). Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences & Engineering), 82(5). https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v82.14359