FEED CONVERSION RATE, GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF AZOLLA ON POULTRY AND LIVESTOCK: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Nurul Atiqah Khairol Anuar; Farizan Aris; Mohd Taufiq  Mat Jalil; Khairunnisa  Ahmad Kamil; Nurul Aili Zakaria

doi:10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v84.18072

Authors

Nurul Atiqah Khairol Anuar Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9844-2127
Farizan Aris Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7973-4845
Mohd Taufiq Mat Jalil Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3651-9424
Khairunnisa Ahmad Kamil Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Nurul Aili Zakaria Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0364-3891

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v84.18072

Keywords:

Azolla, livestock feed, feed conversion rate, growth efficiency, biological effect

Abstract

The rapid rise in soybean prices has necessitated a potential replacement protein source for animal feed. Azolla is a Salviniaceae duckweed with valuable properties that have captivated the public. Its abundance reduces feed costs, which account for the majority of overall production costs. The research on Azolla is extensive, but the efficiency as a potential feed for livestock and poultry is limited. Thus, there is an urgent need to study the efficacy of Azolla as feed materials. A systematic literature review was conducted to collect and analyze information on Azolla as feed materials. Following the Report Standards for Systematic Evidence Synthesis (ROSES) protocol, 13 studies (years 2000-2021) were extracted and reviewed from Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. Three aspects were primarily highlighted to review the efficacy of using Azolla as feed: (1) feed conversion rate, (2) growth performance, and (3) biological effects on poultry and livestock. This study revealed that the efficacy and proportion of Azolla in feed vary by animal type. The findings offer greater information on current research directions on this subject.

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