PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS FROM OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH AND PINEAPPLE LEAF FIBRE USING DOUBLE OXIDATION APPROACH

Authors

  • Noorasikin Samat Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, IIUM, Jalan Gombak, 53100, Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2922-7498
  • Raimi Fariz Nasrudin Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, IIUM, Jalan Gombak, 53100, Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Nur Afiqah Mokhtar Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, IIUM, Jalan Gombak, 53100, Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Norzita Yacob Radiation Processing Technology Division, Malaysia Nuclear Agency, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v84.18215

Keywords:

Nanocellulose, ammonium persulfate oxidation, bleaching, crystallinity index, thermal stability

Abstract

Cellulose nanocrystasl (CNC) were produced from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) and pineapple leaf fibre (PALF) using double oxidation treatment comprising bleaching and ammonium persulfate (APS) treatments. Different techniques were used to characterise the extracted CNC. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra confirmed the formation of carboxyl group and decreasing fractions of non-cellulosic components. The CNCs from both fibres show a better crystallinity index than the raw fibre, and the CNCs also conform to the crystalline structure of cellulose I. Morphology analysis using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals that the CNCs of EFB and PALF have different shapes and dimensions. Spherical EFB had a 16.33 ± 8.5 nm diameter, while rod-like PALF had 13.07 ± 6.15 nm and 78.67 ± 38.07 nm diameter and length. However, the thermal stability of both CNCs decreased slightly. Hence, the findings indicate that the double oxidation approach using agricultural biomass wastes can work as an alternative route for the preparation of CNCs.

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Published

2022-07-26

Issue

Vol. 84 No. 5: September 2022

Section

Science and Engineering

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Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.

How to Cite

PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS FROM OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH AND PINEAPPLE LEAF FIBRE USING DOUBLE OXIDATION APPROACH. (2022). Jurnal Teknologi, 84(5), 73-81. https://doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v84.18215