Reflection Coefficient Measurement through the Implementation of Wideband Multi-Port Reflectometer with Error Correction for Microwave Imaging Application of Human Head
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v64.2072Keywords:
Passive component, coupler, power divider, multi-port reflectometer, reflection coefficient, wideband, error correctionAbstract
This article presents the reflection coefficient measurement by using a wideband multi-port reflectometer for microwave imaging application of human head. The configuration of the proposed wideband multi-port reflectometer is formed by passive components, which are four couplers and two power dividers operating from 1 to 6 GHz. The investigation is successfully done through simulation using the Agilent’s Advanced Design Systems (ADS) software and practical measurement in laboratory. An error correction method with three standards of match, open and short load is then applied to the constructed wideband multi-port reflectometer to remove its imperfect characteristics. The wideband characteristics of proposed reflectometer are analyzed and verified across the designated frequency band. Its operation in reflection coefficient is tested with the chosen device under test (DUT).
References
Seman, N., M. E. Bialkowski. 2006. Design of Wideband Reflectometer for a Microwave Imaging System. Microwave, Radar & Wireless Communication International Conference (MIKON).
Khor, W. C., M. E. Bialkowski, S. Crozier. 2005. Microwave Imaging using Planar Scanning Systems with Step-Frequency Synthesized Pulse. Proc. APMC2005: Vol. 1.
Choi, M. K., M. Zhao, S.C. Hagness, D.W. van der Weide. 2005. Compact Mixer-Based 1-12 GHz Reflectometer. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters. 15(11).
Ireland, D., M. E. Bialkowski. 2010. Feasibility Study on Microwave Stroke Detection using a Realistic Phantom and the FDTD Method. Proceedings of Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference.
Ireland, D., M. E. Bialkowski. 2011. Microwave Head Imaging for Stroke Detection. Progress in Electromagnetics Research M. 21: 163–175.
Mohammed, B. J., A. M. Abbosh, P. Henin. P. Sharpe. 2012. Head Phantom for Testing Microwave Systems for Head Imaging. Cairo International Biomedical Engineering Conference (CIBEC).
Mohammed, B. J., A. M. Abbosh, D. Ireland. 2012. Stroke Detection based on Variations in Reflection Coefficients of Wideband Antennas. Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (APSURSI).
Mohammed, B. J., A. M. Abbosh, M. E. Bialkowski. 2011. Wideband Antenna for Microwave Imaging of Brain. International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing (ISSNIP).
Scapaticci, R., L. D. Donato, I. Catapono, L. Crocco. 2012. A Feasibility Study on Microwave Imaging for Brain Stroke Monitoring. Progress in Electromagnetics Research B. 40: 305–324.
M. Hanip. 2012. National Stroke Registry (NSR): Terengganu and Seberang Jaya Experience. Medical Journal Malaysia. 67(3).
Krishnamoorthy, M. 2007. Killer Stroke: Six Malaysian Jit Every Hour. The Star Newspaper. Tuesday, 24 April.
World Health Organization (WHO). 2004. The World Health Report. Geneva, Switzerland.
Gouzouasis, I. A., I. S. Karanasiou, N. K. Uzunoglu. 2009. Exploring the Enhancement of the Imaging Properties of a Microwave Radiometry Systems for Possible Functional Imaging using a Realistic Human Head Model. 4th International Conference Imaging Technology in Bio-Medical Sciences. Medical Images to Clinical Information: Bridging the Gap.
Bialkowski, M. E., N. Seman. 2010. Ultra Wideband Microwave Multi-Port Reflectometer in Microstrip-Slot Technology: Operation, Design and Applications. Advanced Microwave and Milimeter Wave Technologies Semiconductor Devices Circuits and Systems. Vienna: In-Tech.
Bialkowski, M. E., N. Seman, M. S. Leong, S. P. Yeo. 2008. Fully Integrated Microwave Reflectometer in Multi-Layer Microstrip-Slot Technology for Ultra Wideband Applications. 17th International Conference on Microwaves, Radar and Wireless Communication (MIKON).
Hoer, C. A. 1977. A Microwave Network Analyzer using Two 6-port Reflectometer. Microwave Symposium Digest MTT-S International: 77(1).
Bialkowski, M. E. 1993. Microwave Network Analyzer incorporating a Single Six-port Reflectometer. AEU International Journal of Electronics and Communications. 47(3).
Seman, N. 2010. Multi-port Reflectometer in Multilayer Microstrip-slot Technology for Ultra-wideband Applications. Ph.D Dissertation, The University of Queensland, Australia.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.
