Effect of Water on Electrical Properties of Refined, Bleached, and Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) as Electrical Insulating Material
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v64.2108Keywords:
Refined bleached deodorized palm oil (RBDPO), electrical properties, chemical properties, physical propertiesAbstract
This paper describes the properties of refined, bleached, deodorized palm oil (RBDPO) as having the potential to be used as insulating liquid. There are several important properties such as electrical breakdown, dielectric dissipation factor, specific gravity, flash point, viscosity and pour point of RBDPO that was measured and compared to commercial mineral oil which is largely in current use as insulating liquid in power transformers. Experimental results of the electrical properties revealed that the average breakdown voltage of the RBDPO sample, without the addition of water at room temperature, is 13.368 kV. The result also revealed that due to effect of water, the breakdown voltage is lower than that of commercial mineral oil (Hyrax). However, the flash point and the pour point of RBDPO is very high compared to mineral oil thus giving it advantageous possibility to be used safely as insulating liquid. The results showed that RBDPO is greatly influenced by water, causing the breakdown voltage to decrease and the dissipation factor to increase; this is attributable to the high amounts of dissolved water.
References
Transformer oil (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transformer_oil)
Suwarno and Aditama. 2005. Dielectric Properties of Palm Oils as Insulating Material: Effects of Fat Content. 2005 International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Material. Japan: 91–94.
William, H. Bartleyn. 2003. Analysis of Transformer Failures. International Association of Engineering Insurers. Stockholm.
Y. Julliard, R. Badent and A. J. Schwab. 2001. Influence of Water Content on Breakdown Behaviour of Transformer Oil. 2001 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena. 544–547.
A. M. Emsley and G. C. Steven. 1994. Review of Chemmical Indicator of Degradation of Cellulosic Electrical Paper insulation in Oil-Filled Transformer. IEEE Proc.-Sci. Meas. Technol. 141(5): 324–334.
Abdul Rajab, Suwarno and S. Aminuddin. 2009. Properties of RBDPO Oleum as a Candidate of Palm Based-Transformer Insulating Liquid. 2009 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics. 548–552.
British Standard. 1979. Method for the Measurement of Relative Permittivity, Dielectric Dissipation Factor and DC Resistivity of Insulating Liquids, BS 5737.
D. C. Abeysundara, C. Weerakoon, J. R. Lucas and K.C. Obadage K. A. I Gunatunga. Coconut Oil as an Alternative to Transformer Oil.
H. Yilmaz and S. Guler. 1996. The Effect of Electrode Shape, Gap and Moisture on Dielectric Breakdown of Transformer Oil. 12th Conference on Conduction and Breakdown in Dielectric Liquid. Roma. 354–357.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulator_(electrical).
I. Fofana, V. Wasserberg, H. Borsi and E. Gockenbach. 2002. Challenge of Mixed Insulating Liquids for Use in High-Voltage Transformer, Part 1: Investigation of Mixed Liquid. IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine. 18–31.
IEC 60156. 1999. Insulating Liquids-Determination of the Breakdown Voltage at Power Frequency-Test Method.
IEC 60247. Insulating Liquids-Measurements of Relative Permittivity, Dielectric Dissipation Factor (tan δ) and d.c Resistivity.
Kal Farooq (June 1996). The Effect of Particulate and Water Contamination.
M. Krins, H. Borsi, E. Gockenbach. 2000. Investigations Concerning the Impact of the Water Content on the Flashover Strength of Different Spacer Materials in Transformer Oil. The 6th Intemational Conference on Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials. China.
M. Krins, M. Reute, H. Borsi, E. Gockenbach. 2002. Breakdown and Flashover Phenomena Related to the Presence of High Absolute Water Contents in Clean and Carbonized Transformer Oil. Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena. 252–255.
Mohammad R. Meshkatoddini, Shahid Abbaspour. 2008. Aging Study and Lifetime Estimation of Transformer Mineral Oil. American J. of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 1(4): 384–388.
Prof. Madya Dr. Noor Azian Morad, Prof. Madya Mustafa Kamal Abd Aziz and Rohani binti Mohd Zin. 2006. Process Design in Degumming and Bleaching of Palm Oil. UTM: Centre Of Lipids Engineering And Applied Research (CLEAR).
Ravindra Arora, Wolfgang Mosch. 2011. Liquid Dielectrics, Their Classification, Properties and Breakdown Strength. High Voltage and Electrical Insulation Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 275–317.
S. M. Bashi, U. U. Abdullahi, Robia Yunus and Amir Nordin. 2006. Use of Natural Vegetable Oils as Alternative Dielectric Transformer Coolants. The Institution of Engineers Malaysia. 67(2): 4–9.
Stefan Tenbohlen, Maik Koch. 2010. Aging Performance and Moisture Solubility of Vegetable Oils for Power Transformer. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery. 25(2): 825–830.
Suwarno and Heri Sutikno. 2011. Effect of Temperature on the Breakdown Voltage and Partial Discharge Patterns of Biodegradable Oil. 2011 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics. Bandung.
Suwarno, F. Sitinjak, Ichwan Suhariadi and Luthfi Imsak. 2003. Study on the Characteristics of Palm Oil and its Derivatives as Liquid Insulating Materials. 7th International Conference on Properties and Application of Dielectric Materials. Nagoya: 495–498.
Swarn Singh Kalsi. 2011. Transformer. Applications of High Temperature Superconductors to Electric Power Equipment. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineer. 147–169.
T. O. Rouse. 1998. Mineral Insulating Oil in Transformers. IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine. 14(3): 6–16.
The Locomotive, HSB’s J.B. Swering, chief engineer of the Electrical Division. 1949. Factors Affecting the Life of Insulation of Electrical Apparatus.
Turcotte, Robert. R. 1996. Testing Transformer Oil. Process Safety Progress.15(1): 1–4.
W. Stannett. 1962. The Measurement of Water in power Transformer. The Institution of Electrical Engineers. 80–85.
Y. Du, A. V. Mamishev, B. C. Lesieutre, M. Zhan and S. H. Kang. 2001. Moisture Solubility for Differently Conditioned Transformer Oils. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. 8(5): 805–811.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.
