STUDY OF THE OPTIMUM FILTRATION FOR MAINTAINING IMAGE QUALITY AND REDUCING THE DOSE ON THE RADIODIAGNOSTIC
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v87.22883Keywords:
X-ray, Image, Filtration, SNR, CNRAbstract
X-ray medical imaging serves as a cornerstone in diagnostic procedures, offering essential insights into anatomical structures conditions. The optimization of image quality and patient safety in x-ray imaging is carried out by using appropriate filtration for x-ray beam. This paper presents a comparative analysis of aluminium (Al), copper (Cu) filters and combination of both materials for evaluating the effectiveness in attenuating low-energy photons and minimizing patient radiation exposure while maintaining image quality. This study investigates the TOR CDR phantom as an object with the exposure factor of 70 kV and 5 mAs, examining variations in thickness and filter materials to evaluate low and high contrast imaging procedures. The obtained dose values are compared with Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) as well as Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR) values, which represent the quality of the image to evaluate the impact of filtration on diagnostic image quality. The results indicate that for low contrast imaging a 5 mm Al filter is recommended, where it increases the SNR value by 41.3%, the dose decreases by 65.4%, but it may reduce the contrast by 31.7%. Meanwhile, for the high contrast imaging the recommended filter variation is 0.1 mm Al and 1 mm Cu. It can increase the SNR value by 52.7%, the dose decreases by 55.4%, but it may reduce CNR by 6.7%.
References
IAEA. 2014. Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources: International Basic Safety Standards, IAEA GSR Part 3.
M. Körner, C. H. Weber, S. Wirth, K.-J. Pfeifer, M. F. Reiser, and M. Treitl. 2007. Advances in Digital Radiography: Physical Principles and System Overview. Radio Graphics. 27(3): 675–686. Doi: 10.1148/rg.273065075.
S. Mc Fadden, T. Roding, G. de Vries, M. Benwell, H. Bijwaard, and J. Scheurleer. 2018. Digital Imaging and Radiographic Practise in Diagnostic Radiography: An Overview of Current Knowledge and Practice in Europe. Radiography. 24(2): 137–141. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2017.11.004.
E. Babikir, A. Al-Mallah, M. Al-Sehlawi, N. Tamam, and A. Sulieman. 2020. Patient Radiation Dose and Image Quality in Plain Radiography: An Assessment of Three Common Procedures in Ten Hospitals. Radiation Physics and Chemistry. 173: 108888. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108888.
I. I. Suliman. 2020. Estimates of Patient Radiation Doses in Digital Radiography Using DICOM Information at a Large Teaching Hospital in Oman. J Digit Imaging. 33(1): 64–70. Doi: 10.1007/s10278-019-00199-y.
M. Uffmann and C. Schaefer-Prokop. 2009. Digital Radiography: The Balance between Image Quality and Required Radiation Dose. Eur J Radiol. 72(2): 202–208. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2009.05.060.
R. M. Sanchez, E. Vano, P. Salinas, N. Gonzalo, J. Escaned, and J. M. Fernández. 2021. High Filtration in Interventional Practices Reduces Patient Radiation Doses but Not Always Scatter Radiation Doses. Br J Radiol. 94(1117): 20200774. Doi: 10.1259/bjr.20200774.
A. Papadakis, V. Giannakaki, E. Hatzidaki, and J. Damilakis. 2023. The Effect of Added Filtration on Radiation Dose and Image Quality in Digital Radiography of Newborns. Pediatr Radiol. 53: 1–9. Doi: 10.1007/s00247-023-05698-3.
C. Martin. 2007. The Importance of Radiation Quality for Optimisation in Radiology. Biomed Imaging Interv J. 3: e38. Doi: 10.2349/biij.3.2.e38.
V. Balac, R. Grossman, R. Griswold, and D. Bowman. 2023. Optimizing Contrast Resolution in Digital Chest Radiography by Varying Copper Filtration and kVp. Radiol Technol. 95: 94–104.
J. Yan, J. Schaefferkoetter, M. Conti, and D. Townsend. 2016. A Method to Assess Image Quality for Low-dose PET: Analysis of SNR, CNR, Bias and Image Noise. Cancer Imaging. 16. Doi: 10.1186/s40644-016-0086-0.
L. Lanca and A. Silva. 2012. Image Quality in Diagnostic Radiology in Digital Imaging Systems for Plain Radiography. New York: Springer. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5067-2_6.
H. A. Sianturi, J. Marbun, and L. Sidauruk. 2020. Analysis of X-ray Quality in Thickness Variations using Copper and Aluminum Filter on Effective Dosage. AIP Conf Proc. 2221(1): 110028. Doi: 10.1063/5.0003187.
L. Sidauruk, H. A. Sianturi, M. Rianna, T. Sembiring, and D. A. Barus. 2018. Determination of Half Value Layer (HVL) Value on X-Rays Radiography with using Aluminum, Copper and Lead (Al, Cu, and Sn) Attenuators. J Phys Conf Ser. 1116(3): 32032. Doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1116/3/032032.
M. Siraj et al. 2023. Potentials of Additional Copper Filtration on Radiation Dose and Image Quality for Adults Underwent Digital Chest X-ray Imaging in Dubai Health Authority – UAE. Radiography. 29(3): 552–556. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2023.03.005.
J. Jones and A. Murphy. 2018. Radiographic Contrast. Radiopaedia.org. Doi: 10.53347/rID-58718.
E. U. Ekpo, A. C. Hoban, and M. F. McEntee. 2014. Optimisation of Direct Digital Chest Radiography using Cu Filtration. Radiography. 20(4): 346–350. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2014.07.001.
M. Salam and A. J. Puspitasari. 2023. Study of the Dose Curve to Determine the Dose Received by a Patient on The Diagnostic Radiology. J Teknol. 85(3): 111–116.
BAPETEN. 2018. Compliance Tests in X-Ray Radiology Diagnostic and Intervention: Chairman Regulation of BAPETEN No. 2 Year 2018.
R. I. Prasetya and G. B. Suparta. 2022. Location Analysis for Additional Permanent Radiation Detector in XRay Radiography Unit. IJASEIT. 12(3): 1080–1084.
K. Alzyoud, P. Hogg, B. Snaith, K. Flintham, and A. England. 2019. Impact of Body Part Thickness on AP Pelvis Radiographic Image Quality and Effective Dose. Radiography. 25(1): e11–e17. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2018.09.001.
A. E. Papadakis, V. Giannakaki, E. Hatzidaki, and J. Damilakis. 2023. The Effect of Added Filtration on Radiation Dose and Image Quality in Digital Radiography of Newborns. Pediatr Radiol. 53(10): 2060–2068. Doi: 10.1007/s00247-023-05698-3.
Houfrar J, Ludwig B, Bister D, Nienkemper M, Abkai C, and Venugopal A. 2022. The Effects of Additional Filtration on Image Quality and Radiation Dose in Cone Beam CT: An In Vivo Preliminary Investigation. Biomed Res Int. 2022: 7031269.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.
