Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfone/Polyphenylsulfone/Titanium Dioxide Composite Ultrafiltration Membranes for Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v65.2336Keywords:
Polysulfone, polyphenylsulfone, membranes, titanium dioxide, ultrafiltration, palm oil mill effluent, COD, BOD3Abstract
Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the largest pollutant discharged into the rivers of Malaysia. An efficient treatment system is highly desirable in palm oil mills in order to control the effluent discharged to any water bodies. In this study, composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were successufully prepared by incorporating polysulfone (PSF)/polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) blend membranes with inorganic TiO2 nanoparticles in the range of 0–4 wt%. Prior to POME treatment process, the properties of the resulting membranes were first characterized with respect to pure water flux, BSA rejection, hydrophilicity and structural morphologies. Of the membranes tested, it is found that membrane without TiO2 incorporation demonstrated the highest pure water flux, i.e. 82.81 L/m2h with BSA rejection of 98% when tested at 2 bar. The decreasing water flux with increasing TiO2 loading in the membrane is mainly due to the high viscosity of the dope solution which delayed the phase inversion process and resulted in reduced surface pore size. For the POME treatment process, the results showed that UF membrane could effectively treat the wastewater by removing up to 87% BOD3, 90% COD and almost complete elimination of turbidity.
Â
References
Hwang, T. K., Ong, S. M., Seow, C .C. and H. K. Tan, H. K. 1978. Planter. 54: 749–756.
Oil Palm and The Environment (updated December 2012). [Online], Assessed on 24 July 2013. Available from World Wide Web: http://mpob.gov.my/en/palm-info/environment/520-achievements.
R. Borja, C. J. Banks. 1994. Biomass Bioenergy. 6: 381–389.
M. Perez, L. I. Romero and D. Sales. 2001. Anaerobe. 7: 25–35.
S. K. Quah, K. H. Lim, D. Gillies, B. J. Wood and J. Kanagaratnam. 1982. Proceeding of Regional Workshop On Palm Oil Mill Technology and Effluent Treatment. PORIM, Kuala Lumpur: 193–200.
A. L. Ahmad, S. Ismail, and S. Bhatia. 2005. Chemical Engineering Science. 60: 5385–5394.
C. O. Onyia, A. M. Uyub, J. C. Akunna, N. A. Norulaini and A. K. M. Omar. 2001. Sludge Management Entering the Third Millenium- Industrial, Combined, Water and Wastewater Residues. 44: 157–162.
A. L. Ahmad, M. F. Chong, and S. Bhatia. 2009. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 171(1–3): 166–174.
A. Idris, I. Ahmad, H. W. Jye. 2007. Water of Science Technology. 56(8): 167–177.
N. H. Abdurahman, Y. M. Rosli, and N. H. Azhari. 2011. Desalination. 266(1–3): 208–212.
B. Tansel, W. Y. Bao, and I. N. Tansel. 2000. Desalination. 129(1): 7–14.
N. Mameri, F. Halet, M. Drouiche, H. Grib, H. Lounici, A. Pauss, D. Piron and D. Belhocine. 2000. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering. 78: 590–595.
Y. M. Lo, D. Cao, S. Argin-Soysal, J. Wang and T.-S. Hahm. 2005. Bioresource Technology. 96: 687–698.
T. Y. Wu, A.W. Mohammad, J. Md. Jahim and N. Anuar. 2007. Biochemical Engineering Journal. 35: 309–317.
E. Yuliwati, Ismail, A. F. et al. 2011. Desalination. 283: 214–220.
P. S. T. Machado, A. C. Habert, A. C., and C. P. Borges. 1999. Journal of Membrane Science. 155: 171.
H. Strathmann, K. Kock, P. Amar and R.W. Baker. 1975. Desalination. 16(2): 179–203.
T-H. Bae and T.-M. Tak. 2005. Journal of Membrane Science. 249(1–2): 1–8.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.
