AMMONIA ADSORPTION FROM PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT USING CARBONIZED PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCHES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v88.23813Abstract
The increasing production of palm oil generates substantial amounts of palm oil mill effluent (POME) which poses significant environmental challenges due to the elevated ammonia levels. POME can lead to detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems including toxic conditions for aquatic life and intensified eutrophication if it is discharged untreated. This study addresses these pressing issues by investigating the sustainable removal of ammonia from POME using alkaline treated and carbonized palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) as an adsorbent. The study focuses on optimizing the carbonization temperature and adsorbent dosage to enhance ammonia adsorption efficiency. Experimental results indicate that a dosage of 5 g/L carbonized at 500°C achieves the highest ammonia removal with a significant reduction in concentration from 423 mg/L to below regulatory limits. The adsorption capacity was determined to be approximately 34.6 mg/g corresponding to a removal efficiency of over 80%. Kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption process predominantly follows a pseudo-second-order model indicating a chemisorption mechanism. This study underscores the potential of utilizing agricultural abundant by-product specifically carbonized palm EFB as an effective and sustainable solution for wastewater treatment contributing to improved environmental management practices in the palm oil industry.
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