IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF RAED® SABUN MANDIAN SEMAMBU BODY WASH PRODUCT AGAINST SKIN BACTERIA

Authors

  • P. M. Ridzuan Ridzuan Department of Research & Development, Dr. Ridz Research Centre, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
  • Noraziah Mohamad Zin Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Asif Sukri Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
  • Suphatsara Densaad Kah Sem

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v88.24794

Keywords:

Antibacterial body wash, Bactericidal Effect, Natural Products, Semambu, Skin Infection

Abstract

Common bacteria associated with skin infections include Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Streptococcus pyogenes. Antibacterial body washes containing natural products are preferred for preventing skin infections without adverse effects, and Raed Sabun Mandian Semambu® is formulated with such natural ingredients. The aim of this study was to determine antibacterial activity of Raed Sabun Mandian Semambu® against bacteria that cause skin infection. Antibacterial activity was determined using diameter of zone of inhibition, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). The time-kill assay was conducted at 0.5x MIC and 1x MIC for S. aureus and S. epidermidis, and at 0.5x MIC, 1x MIC, and 2x MIC for S. pyogenes, with incubation at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 24 hours. Results show inhibition zone diameters at product concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The MIC values indicate that the product inhibited the growth of all tested bacteria. The MBC/MIC ratio demonstrates bactericidal effect on all bacterial strains. The time-kill assay revealed bactericidal effect at 1x MIC for S. aureus and S. epidermidis, and at 2x MIC for S. pyogenes. In conclusion, Raed Sabun Mandian Semambu® exhibits a bactericidal effect on all tested bacteria.

 

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Published

2026-08-29

Issue

Vol. 88 No. 5: September 2026

Section

Science and Engineering

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