Environmental Influence Monitoring on a Hybrid Photovoltaic-Thermoelectric Generation utilizing the Internet of Things
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v88.24930Abstract
Renewable energy, such as a hybrid photovoltaic-thermoelectric (PVTE) power generation, reduces dependence on conventional energy sources and gas emissions. This generation is installed outdoors, so various environmental factors influence its performance. Therefore, this phenomenon should be investigated accurately. This research developed a monitoring system for a hybrid PVTE power generation, employing the Internet of Things (IoT) and corresponding sensors for data acquisition due to continuous and simultaneous influences. The electrical parameters employed PZEM-016 and PZEM-017 sensors, whereas the environmental parameters employed SHT30-FS200, I2C-IP68, Guva-S12SD, I2C air quality PM, and I2C-UART tipping bucket sensors for temperature and humidity, illuminance, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, pollution, and rainfall sensing, respectively. Meanwhile, AM2301 devices sensed photovoltaic (PV) and thermoelectric (TE) module temperatures. Principal component analysis (PCA), box plot, and correlation coefficient were employed for data analysis. The PV, hybrid, and Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) powers are highly correlated with the PV temperatures, temperature differences, air temperature, illuminance, and UV radiation, between 0.70 and 0.90. The power-increasing rates due to illuminance were 2.61 watts/klux and 0.01 watt/klux for the PV and TE modules, respectively. The power ratios were 99.40% and 78.04%, and the energy ratios were 99.52% and 83.29% for the hybrid point and MPPT, respectively.
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