SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF THE CERTAIN AIR POLLUTANTS USING ENVIRONMETRIC TECHNIQUES

Authors

  • Mohammad Azizi Amran aEast Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
  • Azman Azid East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
  • Hafizan Juahir East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
  • Mohd Ekhwan Toriman School of Social, Development and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Sciences and Huminities, National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
  • Ahmad Dasuki Mustafa East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
  • Che Noraini Che Hasnam East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
  • Fazureen Azaman East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
  • Mohd Khairul Amri Kamarudin East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
  • Ahmad Shakir Mohd Saudi East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
  • Kamaruzzaman Yunus Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v75.3977

Keywords:

ANOVA, environmetric techniques, descriptive analysis, artificial neural network, air pollutant index

Abstract

This study aims to identify the spatial variation of air pollutant and its pattern in the northern part of Peninsular Malaysia for four years monitoring observation (2008-2011) based on the seven air monitoring stations. Air pollutant variables that used in this study were Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Ozone (O3), Carbon Monoxide (CO), and Particulate Matter (PM10) data and had been supplied by Department Of Environment Malaysia (DOE). ANOVA, environmetric techniques (HACA and Descriptive Analysis) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach were used in data analysed. According to ANOVA single test, significance p-value of PM10 (p= 2.5E-268) is smaller than significance alpha level (p=0.05) and it suitable parameter for further analysis in construct the prevention actions compared to O3, NO2 and CO. HACA categorized seven air monitoring station into three cluster group of station such as High Concentrated Site (HCS), Moderate Concentrated Site (MCS), and Low Concentrated Site (LCS). Descriptive statistics show the 25th percentile, median, and 75th percentile boxplot and identified the greater (>500 µg/m3) and smaller (<0.05ppm) outliers, and comparing distributions between each air pollutant. The findings from ANN have verified that the R2 and RMSE value (0.7981 and 5.734, respectively) were categorized as a significant value for the future prediction. In contrast, PM10 levels in Air Pollutant Index equal to 43.59 were 67.91 ug/m3, O3 (0.038 ppm), NO2 (0.019 ppm), and then CO (1.27 ppm) concentration values. This proved that the PM10 concentration was categorized as a main contributor to the air pollutant measurement of statistical method compared with other pollutants.

Author Biographies

  • Mohammad Azizi Amran, aEast Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
    East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
  • Azman Azid, East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
    East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
  • Hafizan Juahir, East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
    East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
  • Mohd Ekhwan Toriman, School of Social, Development and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Sciences and Huminities, National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
    East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
  • Ahmad Dasuki Mustafa, East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
    East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
  • Che Noraini Che Hasnam, East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
    East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
  • Fazureen Azaman, East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
    East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
  • Mohd Khairul Amri Kamarudin, East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
    East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
  • Ahmad Shakir Mohd Saudi, East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
    East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
  • Kamaruzzaman Yunus, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
    Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)

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Published

2015-06-28

Issue

Vol. 75 No. 1: July 2015

Section

Science and Engineering

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How to Cite

SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF THE CERTAIN AIR POLLUTANTS USING ENVIRONMETRIC TECHNIQUES. (2015). Jurnal Teknologi, 75(1). https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v75.3977