PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM PALM OIL USING EGG SHELL WASTE AS HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST

Authors

  • Norzita Ngadi Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Nur Fadzlyana Hamdan Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Onn Hassan Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v78.4502

Keywords:

Biodiesel, transesterification, egg shell derived catalysts, palm oil

Abstract

Egg shell waste was investigated in a triglyceride transesterification with a view to determine its viability as a solid catalyst for the biodiesel production. The utilization of egg shell as a catalyst not only reduces its environmental effects, but also reduces the price of biodiesel to make it competitive with petroleum diesel. In this study, egg shell waste was ground and the powder produced was calcined at 900˚C for 4 hours in a furnace. The physical properties of the catalyst were characterized by using the Fourier Transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and the biodiesel conversion was determined by the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). 4wt% of catalyst dosage was fixed throughout the experiment. The results obtained indicated that CaO derived from egg shell waste was comparable with the commercial CaO. The maximum percentage yield of biodiesel by using derived CaO is 75.85% under optimum conditions of 6:1 methanol to oil ratio after 3 hours at 65˚C, while for commercial CaO, 74.97% yield of biodiesel with 3:1 methanol to oil ratio after 3 hours at 60˚C.  

References

Niju, S., Meera, K. M., Begum, S., & Anantharaman, N. 2014. Preparation Of Biodiesel From Waste Frying Oil Using A Green And Renewable Solid Catalyst Derived From Egg Shell. Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy.

Boro, J., Konwar, L. J., & Deka, D. 2014. Transesterification Of Non-Edible Feedstock With Lithium Incorporated Egg Shell Derived Cao For Biodiesel Production. Fuel Processing Technology. 122: 72-78.

Navajas, A., Issariyakul, T., Arzamendi, G., Gandía, L. M., & Dalai, A. K. 2013. Development Of Eggshell Derived Catalyst For Transesterification Of Used Cooking Oil For Biodiesel Production. Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering. 8(5): 742-748.

Sara Pinzi, David Leiva-Candia, Isabel López-García, M. Dolores Redel-Macías, M. Pilar Dorado. 2014. Latest Trends In Feedstocks For Biodiesel Production. Biofuel, Bioproducts and Biorefining. 8: 126-143.

Yusuf, N. N. A. N., Kamarudin, S. K., & Yaakub, Z. 2011. Overview On The Current Trends In Biodiesel Production. Energy Conversion and Management. 52(7): 2741-2751.

Chouhan, A. P. Singh, & Sarma, A. K. 2011. Modern Heterogeneous Catalysts For Biodiesel Production: A Comprehensive Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 15(9): 4378-4399.

Shaokun Tang, Liping Wang, Yi Zhang, Shufen Li, Songjiang Tian, Boyang Wang. 2012. Study On Preparation Of Ca/Al/Fe3O4 Magnetic Composite Solid Catalyst And Its Application In Biodiesel Transesterification. Fuel Processing Technology. 95: 84-89.

Alba-Rubio, A. C., Alonso Castillo, M. L., Albuquerque, M. C. G., Mariscal, R., Cavalcante Jr, C. L., & López Granados, M. 2012. A New And Efficient Procedure For Removing Calcium Soaps In Biodiesel Obtained Using Cao As A Heterogeneous Catalyst.

Razali, Mohd Hasmizam, & Dris, Muhammad Rozi Mat. 2006. Biodiesel Production From Waste Cooking Oil Through Transesterification Reaction Using Calcium Ethoxide Catalyst. Energy & Green Technology Directry. 44-47.

Tang, Ying, Xu, Jingfang, Zhang, Jie, & Lu, Yong. 2013. Biodiesel Production From Vegetable Oil By Using Modified Cao As Solid Basic Catalysts. Journal of Cleaner Production. 42(0): 198-203.

Sharma, Y. C., & Singh, B. 2009. Development Of Biodiesel: Current Scenario. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 13(6-7): 1646-1651.

Sivakumar, Pandian, Sivakumar, Padmanaban, Anbarasu, Kamalakannan, Mathiarasi, Ramasamy, & Renganathan, Sahadevan. 2014. An Eco-Friendly Catalyst Derived From Waste Shell Of Scylla Tranquebarica For Biodiesel Production. International Journal of Green Energy. 11(8): 886-897.

Tariq, Muhammad, Ali, Saqib, & Khalid, Nasir. 2012. Activity Of Homogeneous And Heterogeneous Catalysts, Spectroscopic And Chromatographic Characterization Of Biodiesel: A Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 16(8): 6303-6316.

Achanai Buasri, Nattawut Chaiyut, Vorrada Luryuenyong, Chaiwat Wongweang, & Khamsrisuk, Saranpong. 2013. Application of Eggshell Wastes as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for biodiesel Production. Sustainable Energy. 1(2): 7-13.

Downloads

Published

2016-08-28

Issue

Vol. 78 No. 9: September 2016

Section

Science and Engineering

License

Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.

How to Cite

PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM PALM OIL USING EGG SHELL WASTE AS HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST. (2016). Jurnal Teknologi, 78(9). https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v78.4502