Statistical Characterisation of Grain-Size Distribution in Fluvial Sediment of Kelantan Rivers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v74.4560Keywords:
Statistical characterisation, fluvial sediments, particle size distribution, Kelantan riversAbstract
The characteristic of sediment, in particular the particle size distribution is important to be correctly determined for an accurate representation in sediment transport. This article reports the grain size distributions of soil samples taken from seven tropical rivers i.e. the Sungai (Rivers) of Sam, Galas, Lata Tunggil, Mei, Rek, Peng Datu and the major Sungai Kelantan catchment area which spanned about 11, 900 km2. The Sungai Galas is a direct tributary, whilst the Sungai Sam, Sungai Rek, Sungai Mei and Sungai Lata Tunggil are the tributaries into Sungai Lebir which subsequently feeds the Sungai Kelantan. Each obtained sample was sieved and the soil type distribution was determined. Statistical analysis of the samples was conducted; including the median grain size , mean grain size, standard deviation (sorting), skewness and kurtosis. Most of the samples have insignificant fractions of finer grains, where coarse sand and gravel were the dominant. All sediment samples are negatively skewed towards coarse sand, have very platykurtic kurtosis suggesting that the sediment has single provenance.
References
Ahmad, A. K., Mushrifah, I., and Mohamad, S. O. 2009. Water Quality and Heavy Metal Concentrations in Sediment of Sungai Kelantan, Kelantan, Malaysia: A Baseline Study. Sains Malaysiana. 38(4): 435–442.
Blott, S. J. and Pye K. 2001. Gradistat: A Grain Size Distribution and Statistics Package for the Analysis of Unconsolidated Sediments. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms. 26: 1237–1248.
Bieganowski, A., Witkowska-Walczak, B., Glinski, J., Sokolowska, Z., Slawinski, C., Brzezinska, M. and Wlodarczyk, T. 2013. Database of Polish Arable Mineral Soils: A Review. Int. Agrophys. 27: 335–350.
Church, M. 1983. Pattern of Instability in a Wandering Gravel Channel Bed. Special Publs. Int. Ass. Sediment. 6: 169–180.
Einstein, H. A., and N. Chien. 1953. Transport of Sedimen Mixtures with a Larger Ange of Grains Sizes. M., R. D. Ser.2 , U.S. Army Corps of Eng. Mo. River Div. Omaha.
Folk, R. L., Ward, W. C. 1957. Brazos Sungai Bar: A Study in the Significance of Grain Size Parameters. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology. 27(1): 3–26.
Friedman, G. M. 1967. Dynamic Processes and Statistical Parameters Compared for Size Frequency Distribution of Beach and River Sands. Journal of Sediment Petrology. 37: 327–354.
Garde, R. J. 1972. Bed Material Characteristics of Alluvial Streams. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology. 7: 127–135.
Gomez, B., Rosser, B. J., Peacock, D. H., Hicks, D. M. and Palmer, J. A. 2001. Downstream Fining in a Rapidly Aggrading Gravel Bed River. Water Resources Research. 37(6): 1813–1823.
Knighton, D. 2014. Fluvial Forms and Processes: A New Perspective. Routledge, New York.
McLaren, P. and Bowles, D. 1985. The Effects of Sediment Transport on Grain-size Distribution. Journal of Sedimentary Research. 55(4): 457–470.
Miliman J. D., Ren M. 1995. Climate Change: Impact On Coastal Habitation, Chapter 4: River Flux To The Sea: Impact Of Human Intervention On River Systems And Adjacent Coastal Area. United States. CRC Press.
Mycielska-Dowgiallo, E. & Ludwikowska-Kedzia, M. 2011. Alternative Interpretations of Grain-size Data from Quarternary Deposits. Geologos. 17(4): 189–203.
Sochan, A., Bieganowski, A., Ryzak, M., Dobrowolski, R. and Bartminski, P. 2012. Comparison of Soil Texture Determined by Two Dispersion Units of Mastersizer 2000. International Agrophysics. 26: 99–102.
Sonaye, S. Y. & Baxi, R. N. 2012. Particle Size Measurement and Analysis of Flour. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA). 2(3):1839–1842
Tasdemir, A., Huseyin, O. and Guven, O. 2011. Image Analysis of Narrow Size Fractions Obtained by Sieve Analysis-An Evaluation by Log-normal Distribution and Shape Factors. Journal of Physiochemical Problems of Mineral Processing. 46: 95–106.
Prabhakara, Rao., A., Anilkumar, V., Yugandhar Rao, A., Ravi G. S. and Krishnan, S. Grain Size Parameters in the Interpretation of Depositional Environments of Coastal Sediments Between Bendi Creek and Vamsadhara River, East Coast, India. Journal of Indian Association Sedimentologist. 20(1): 106–116.
Russell, R . D. 1939. Effects of Transportation on Sedimentary Articles. In Recent Marine Sediments edited by P. D. Trask. Am. Assoc. of Pet. Geol. Tulsa, Okla. 33–47.
Parker, G., P. C. Klingerman, and D. G. McLean. 1982. Bedload and Size Distribution in Pavedg Ravel-bed Streams. J. Hydraul. Div. Am. Soc.Civ. Eng. 108: 544–571.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.
