Structural Performance of Cold-Formed Steel Section in Composite Structures: A Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v74.4625Keywords:
Cold-formed steel, self-compacting concrete, composite beam, structural performanceAbstract
Cold-formed steel (CFS) sections are lightweight materials where their high structural performance is very suitable for building construction. Conventionally, they are used as purlins and side rails in the building envelopes of the industrial buildings. Recent research development on cold-formed steel has shown that the usage is expanding in the present era of building constructions and infrastructural applications. However, the study on cold-formed steel as composite structures is yet to be explored in the literature. Therefore, this review paper has presented research works done which investigate the structural improvement of cold-formed steel as composite structures. The use of cold-formed steel with self- compacting concrete (CFS-SCC) which can be considered as a unique composite entity is also presented. The significance of using the CFS-SCC as composite is also highlighted. The results of various researchers indicated that the robustness of the product (cold-formed steel-concrete) was significantly improved for both the shear resistance and the flexural resistance. The investigation on the behaviour of CFS-SCC designed as composite is a key issue where the innovative construction method and significant advantages are highlighted in this paper. The review papers have proven that the use of cold-formed steel as composite has enhanced the application of the cold-formed steel as competitive material for construction.
References
Y. H. Lee, C. S. Tan, S. Mohammad, M. Md Tahir, and P. N. Shek. 2014. Review on Cold-Formed Steel Connections. The Scientific World Journal. 11.
W. K. Yu, K. F. Chung, and M. F. Wong. 2005. Analysis of Bolted Moment Connections in Cold-formed Steel Beam–column Sub-frames. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 61: 1332–1352.
J. M. Irwan, A. H. Hanizah, I. Azmi, and H. B. Koh. 2011. Large-scale Test of Symmetric Cold-formed Steel (CFS)–concrete Composite Beams with BTTST Enhancement. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 67: 720–726.
B. S. Lakkavalli and Y. Liu, 2006. Experimental Study of Composite Cold-formed Steel C-section Floor Joists. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 62: 995–1006.
Y. L. Lee, C. S. Tan, Y. H. Lee, S. Mohammad, M. M. Tahir, and P. N. Shek. 2013. Effective Steel Area of Fully Embedded Cold-Formed Steel Frame in Composite Slab System under Pure Bending. Applied Mechanics and Materials. 284–287: 1300–1304.
M. M. Tahir, P. N. Shek, and C. S. Tan. 2009. Push-off Tests on Pin-connected Shear Studs with Composite Steel–concrete Beams. Construction and Building Materials. 23: 3024–3033.
G. Ji, Z. Ouyang, and G. Li. 2013. Effects of Bondline Thickness on Mode-I Nonlinear Interfacial Fracture of Laminated Composites: An Experimental Study. Composites Part B: Engineering. 47: 1–7.
C. Xu and K. Sugiura. 2014. Analytical Investigation on Failure Development of Group Studs Shear Connector in Push-out Specimen Under Biaxial Load Action. Engineering Failure Analysis. 37: 75–85.
K. M. A. Sohel, J. Y. Richard Liew, J. B. Yan, M. H. Zhang, and K. S. Chia. 2012. Behavior of Steel–Concrete–Steel Sandwich Structures with Lightweight Cement Composite and Novel Shear Connectors. Composite Structures. 94: 3500–3509.
K. Zhang, A. H. Varma, S. R. Malushte, and S. Gallocher. Effect of Shear Connectors on Local Buckling and Composite Action in Steel Concrete Composite Walls. Nuclear Engineering and Design. In press.
J. Qureshi, D. Lam, and J. Ye. 2011. Effect of Shear Connector Spacing and Layout on the Shear Connector Capacity in Composite Beams. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 67: 706–719.
A. L. Smith and G. H. Couchman. 2010. Strength and Ductility of Headed Stud Shear Connectors in Profiled Steel Sheeting. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 66: 748–754.
L. Pallarés and J. F. Hajjar. 2010. Headed Steel Stud Anchors in Composite Structures, Part I: Shear. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 66: 198–212.
A. Prakash, N. Anandavalli, C. K. Madheswaran, and N. Lakshmanan. 2012. Modified Push-out Tests for Determining Shear Strength and Stiffness of HSS Stud Connector-Experimental Study. International Journal of Composite Materials. 2: 22–31.
C. Xu, K. Sugiura, C. Wu, and Q. Su. 2012. Parametrical Static Analysis on Group Studs with Typical Push-out Tests. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 72: 84–96.
C. Xu and K. Sugiura. 2013. Parametric Push-out Analysis on Group Studs Shear Connector Under Effect of Bending-Induced Concrete Cracks. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 89: 86–97.
D. Lam. 2007. Capacities of Headed Stud Shear Connectors in Composite Steel Beams with Precast Hollowcore Slabs. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 63: 1160–1174.
M. Pavlović, Z. Marković, M. Veljković, and D. Buđevac. 2013. Bolted Shear Connectors Vs. Headed Studs Behaviour in Push-out Tests. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 88: 134–149.
G. Kwon, M. D. Engelhardt, and R. E. Klingne. 2010. Behavior of Post-Installed Shear Connectors Under Static and Fatigue Loading. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 66: 532–541.
S. O. Bamaga and M. M. Tahir. 2013. Towards Light-Weight Composite Construction: Innovative Shear Connector for Composite Beams. Applied Mechanics and Materials. 351–352: 427–433.
J. Yan, J. Y. R. Liew, K. M. A. Sohel, and M. H. Zhang. 2013. Push-out Tests on J-Hook Connectors in Steel–Concrete–Steel Sandwich Structure. Materials and Structures.
L. F. Costa-Neves, J. P. Figueiredo, P. C. G. d. S. Vellasco, and J. d. C. Vianna. 2013. Perforated Shear Connectors on Composite Girders Under Monotonic Loading: An Experimental Approach. Engineering Structures. 56: 721–737.
M. Shariati, N. H. Ramli Sulong, M. Suhatril, A. Shariati, M. M. Arabnejad Khanouki, and H. Sinaei. 2012. Behaviour of C-shaped Angle Shear Connectors Under Monotonic and Fully Reversed Cyclic Loading: An Experimental Study. Materials & Design. 41: 67–73.
J. P. C. Rodrigues and L. LaÃm. 2011. Behaviour of Perfobond Shear Connectors at High Temperatures. Engineering Structures. 33: 2744–2753.
J. P. S. Cândido-Martins, L. F. Costa-Neves, and P. C. G. d. S. Vellasco. 2010. Experimental Evaluation of the Structural Response Of Perfobond Shear Connectors. Engineering Structures. 32: 1976–1985.
J. H. Ahn, C. G. Lee, J. H. Won, and S. H. Kim. 2010. Shear Resistance of the Perfobond-rib Shear Connector Depending on Concrete Strength and Rib Arrangement. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 66: 1295–1307.
S. Maleki and M. Mahoutian. 2009. Experimental and Analytical Study on Channel Shear Connectors in Fiber-Reinforced Concrete. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 65: 1787–1793.
S. Maleki and S. Bagheri. 2008. Behavior of Channel Shear Connectors, Part I: Experimental study. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 64: 1333–1340.
A. Hanaor. 2002. Tests of Composite Beams with Cold-formed Sections. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 54: 245–264.
S. Nakamura. Bending Behavior of Composite Girders with Cold Formed Steel U Section. Journal of Strutural Engineering. 128: 0733–9445.
J. M.Irwan, A. H. Hanizah, and I. Azmi. 2009. Test of Shear Transfer Enhancement in Symmetric Cold-formed Steel–concrete Composite Beams. Journal of Constructional Steel Research. 65: 2087–2098.
N. Wehbe, A. Wehbe, L. Dayton, and Sigl. 2011. Development of Concrete Cold Formed Steel Composite Flexural Members. Structures Congress. 3099–3109.
C. Rethnasamy, T. Rajagopal, and H. Muthuraj. 2013. Bending Behavior, Deformability and Strength Analysis of Prefabricated Cage Reinforced Composite Beams. Construction and Building Materials. 38: 482–490.
M. A. Al- Kubaisy and M. Z. Jumaat. 2000. Flexural Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Slabs with Ferrocement Tension Zone Cover. Construction and Building Materials. 14: 245–252.
H. H. Nassif and H. Najm. 2004. Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Ferrocement–concrete Composite Beams. Cement and Concrete Composites. 26: 787–796.
R. H. Haddad, M. J. Shannag, and A. Moh’d. 2007. Repair Of Heat-Damaged RC Shallow Beams Using Advanced Composites. Materials and Structures. 41: 287–299.
H. P. Liao and S. S. Fang. 2010. An Experimental Study on Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with High-Performance Ferrocement. Advanced Materials Research. 163–167: 3772–3776.
R. A. O. Sandesh, S. Patil., Arun Kr. Dwivedi. 2012. Performances of Chicken Mesh on Strength of Beams Retrofitted Using Ferrocement Jackets. IOSR Journal of Engineering. 2: 1–10.
A. A. Tawab, E. H. Fahmy, and Y. B. Shaheen. 2012. Use of Permanent Ferrocement Forms for Concrete Beam Construction. Materials and Structures. 45: 1319–1329.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.
