CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE/TI6AL4V COMPOSITE POWDER UNDER VARIOUS SINTERING TEMPERATURE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v75.5168Keywords:
Hydroxyapatite, Ti6Al4V, sintering temperature, density, hardnessAbstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been widely used in biomedical applications due to its excellent biocompatibility. However, Hydroxyapatite possesses poor mechanical properties and only tolerate limited loads for implants. Titanium is well-known materials applied in implant that has advantage in mechanical properties but poor in biocompatibility. The combination of the Titanium alloy and HA is expected to produce bio-implants with good in term of mechanical properties and biocompatabilty. In this work, interaction and mechanical properties of HA/Ti6Al4V was analyzed. The physical and mechanical properties of HA/Ti6Al4V composite powder obtained from compaction (powder metallurgy) of 60 wt.% Ti6Al4V and 40 wt.% HA and sintering at different temperatures in air were investigated in this study. Interactions of the mixed powders were investigated using X-ray diffraction. The hardness and density of the HA/Ti6Al4V composites were also measured. Based on the results of XRD analysis, the oxidation of Ti began at 700 °C. At 1000 °C, two phases were formed (i.e., TiO2 and CaTiO3). The results showed that the hardness HA/Ti6Al4V composites increased by 221.6% with increasing sintering temperature from 700oC to 1000oC. In contrast, the density of the composites decreased by 1.9% with increasing sintering temperature.Â
References
Hench, L. L., Thompson, I. 2010. Twenty-first Century Challenges for Biomaterials. J Roy Soc Interface. 7: S379-S91.
Mutsuzaki, H., Ito, A., Sogo, Y., Sakane, M., Oyane, A., Yamazaki, M. 2014. The Calcium Phosphate Matrix of FGF-2-Apatite Composite Layers Contributes to Their Biological Effects. Int J Mol Sci. 15: 10252-70.
Arifin, A., Sulong, A., Muhamad, N., Syarif, J., Ramli, M. I. 2014. Material Processing of Hydroxyapatite and Titanium Alloy (HA/Ti) Composite As Implant Materials Using Powder Metallurgy: A Review. Materials & Design. 55: 165-75.
Zhuravleva, K., Chivu, A., Teresiak, A., Scudino, S., Calin, M., Schultz, L. et al. 2013. Porous Low Modulus Ti40Nb Compacts with Electrodeposited Hydroxyapatite Coating for Biomedical Applications. Mat Sci Eng C-Mater. 33: 2280-7.
Gunawan, Sopyan, I., Suryanto, Naqshbandi A. 2014. Zinc-doped Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Nanopowders Synthesized Via Sol-gel Method. Indian J Chem A. 53: 152-8.
Tõnsuaadu, K., Gross, K. A., Plūduma, L., Veiderma, M. 2011. A Review on the Thermal Stability of Calcium Apatites. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 110: 647-59.
Sopyan, I., Mel, M., Ramesh, S., Khalid, K. A. 2007. Porous Hydroxyapatite for Artificial Bone Applications. Science and Technology of Advanced Materials. 8: 116-23.
Pramanik, S., Agarwal, A. K., Rai, K. N., Garg, A. 2007. Development of High Strength Hydroxyapatite by Solid-State-Sintering Process. Ceramics International. 33: 419-26.
Pattanayak, D. K., Rao, B. T., Mohan, T. R. R. 2011. Calcium Phosphate Bioceramics and Bioceramic Composites. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology. 59: 432-47.
Salman, S., Gunduz, O., Yilmaz, S., Öveçoğlu, M. L., Snyder, R. L., Agathopoulos, S., et al. 2009. Sintering Effect on Mechanical Properties of Composites of Natural Hydroxyapatites and Titanium. Ceramics International. 35: 2965-71.
Veljović, D., JanÄić-Hajneman, R., Balać, I., Jokić, B., Putić, S., Petrović, R., et al. 2011. The Effect of the Shape and Size of the Pores on the Mechanical Properties of Porous HAP-Based Bioceramics. Ceramics International. 37: 471-9.
Gunawan, Sopyan, I., Nurfaezah, S., ‘Ammar, M. 2012. Development of Triphasic Calcium Phosphate–Carbon Nanotubes (HA/TCP-CNT) Composite: A Preliminary Study. Key Engineering Materials. 531-532: 258-61.
Guo, S. B., Qu, X. H., Xiang, J. H., Zhang, R. F., He, X. M., Li, M. S., et al. 2006. Effect of Annealing Processing on Microstructure and Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Powder Injection Molding. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China. 16: S701-S4.
Berezhnaya, A., Mittova, V., Kostyuchenko, A., Mittova, I. 2008. Solid-phase Interaction in the Hydroxyapatite/Titanium Heterostructures Upon High-temperature Annealing in Air and Argon. Inorganic Materials. 44: 1214-7.
Ye, H., Liu, X. Y., Hong, H. 2008. Fabrication of Metal Matrix Composites by Metal Injection Molding—A Review. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 200: 12-24.
Yang, Y., Kim, K-H, Agrawal, C. M., Ong, J. L. 2004. Interaction of Hydroxyapatite–Titanium at Elevated Temperature in Vacuum Environment. Biomaterials. 25: 2927-32.
Ramesh, S., Tan, C. Y., Tolouei, R., Amiriyan, M., Purbolaksono, J., Sopyan, I., et al. 2012. Sintering Behavior of Hydroxyapatite Prepared from Different Routes. Materials & Design. 34: 148-54.
Wang, X., Xiao, P. 2004. Residual Stresses and Constrained Sintering of YSZ/Al2O3 Composite Coatings. Acta Materialia. 52: 2591-603.
Tsui, Y. C., Doyle, C., Clyne, T. W. 1998. Plasma Sprayed Hydroxyapatite Coatings on Titanium Substrates. Part 1: Mechanical Properties and Residual Stress Levels. Biomaterials. 19: 2015-29.
Meguid, S. A. 1996. Mechanics and Mechanisms of Toughening of Advanced Ceramics. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 56: 978-89.
Egorov, A., Smirnov, V., Shvorneva, L., Kutsev, S., Barinov, S. 2010. High-temperature Hydroxyapatite-Titanium Interaction. Inorganic Materials. 46: 168-71.
Ye, H. Z., Liu, X. Y., Hong, H. P. 2009. Characterization of Sintered Titanium/Hydroxyapatite Biocomposite Using FTIR Spectroscopy. J Mater Sci-Mater M. 20: 843-50.
Chu, C., Lin, P., Dong, Y., Xue, X., Zhu, J., Yin, Z. 2002. Fabrication and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite Reinforced with 20 vol % Ti Particles for Use as Hard Tissue Replacement. J Mater Sci-Mater M. 13: 985-92.
Arifin, A., Sulong, A. B., Muhamad, N., Syarif, J., Ramli, M. I. 2015. Powder Injection Molding of HA/Ti6Al4V Composite Using Palm Stearin as Based Binder for Implant Material. Materials & Design. 65: 1028-34.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.
