FACTORS AFFECTING CLIENT INFLUENCE ON PROPERTY VALUATION IN MALAYSIA: DO CLIENT SIZE AND SIZE OF VALUE ADJUSTMENT MATTER?

Authors

  • Kamalahasan Achu Faculty of Geoinformation and Real Estate, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia
  • Lim Wan Chin Faculty of Geoinformation and Real Estate, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia
  • Burhaida Burhan Faculty of Technology Management and Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia
  • Muhammad Faris Nordin Faculty of Geoinformation and Real Estate, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v75.5271

Keywords:

Real estate valuation, client influence, ethics, Malaysia

Abstract

Client influence on property valuation has been an emerging theme of behavioural research in the real estate discipline. Studies on valuers’ decision-making behaviour imply that client influence is an important source of judgemental bias. Academic interest in client influence research has evolved from identifying the existence of client pressure to studies that explain the mechanism of client influence. A questionnaire survey was administered to valuers to measure their perception with regard to factors affecting client influence in Malaysia. The effect of client size and size of value adjustment requested by clients on valuation were also tested in a behavioural experiment. The survey revealed that valuers in Malaysia perceived client characteristics and valuer characteristics as some of the most important factors affecting client influence on valuations. It was found that factors such as type of client, size of client, integrity of valuer and experience of valuer could potentially impact on the amount and type of influence exerted on valuations. The results of the logistic regression model indicated that neither the client size nor magnitude of value adjustment requested by client affected the decisions of valuers to alter valuation outcome. 

References

Bank for International Settlements. 1988. International Convergence of Capital Measurements and Capital Standards, Basel: Basel Committee on Banking Supervision.

Hager, D. and Lord, D. 1985. The Property Market, Property Valuations and Property Performance Measurement. Journal of the Institute of Actuaries. 112(1): 19-60.

Matysiak, G. and Wang, P. 1995. Commercial Property Market Prices and Valuations: Analysing The Correspondence. Journal of Property Research. 12(3): 181-02.

Brown, G. and Matysiak, G. 2000 Sticky Valuations, Aggregation Effects and Property Indices. Journal of Real Estate Finance & Economics Journa. 20(1): 49-66. July, 272-82.

Crosby, N. 2000. Valuation Accuracy, Variation and Bias in the Context of Standards and Expectations. Journal of Property Investment & Finance. 18(2): 130-61.

French, N. and Gabrielli, L. 2004. The Uncertainty of Valuation, Journal of Property Investment & Finance. 22(6): 484-500.

Crosby, N., Lavers, A. and Foster, H. 1998. Commercial Property Loan Valuations in the UK: Implications of Current Trends in Valuation Practice and Legal Liability. Journal of Property Research. 15(3): 183-209.

Geltner, D. 1997. The Use of Appraisals in Portfolio Valuation and Index Construction. Journal of Property Valuation and Investment. 15(5): 423-447.

Clayton, J., Geltner, D. and Hamilton, S. 2001. Smoothing in Commercial Property Valuations: Evidence from Individual Appraisals. Real Estate Economics. 29(3): 337-360.

Geltner, D. M. 1993. Temporal Aggregation in Real Estate Return Indices. Real Estate Economics. 21(2): 141-66.

Hoesli, M, MacGregor, B, Adair, A, and McGreal, S. 2002. The Role of Property in Mixed Asset Portfolios. RICS Foundation Research Review Series. March. http://www.rics-foundation.org/publish/document.aspx?did=2888.

Diaz, J. III. 1990. How Appraisers Do Their Work: A Test of the Appraisal Process and the Development of a Descriptive Model. The Journal of Real Estate Research. 5(1): 1-15.

Gallimore, P. 1994. Aspects of Information Processing in Valuation Judgement and Choice. Journal of Property Research. 11(2): 97-110.

Gallimore, P. 1996. Confirmation Bias in the Valuation Process: A Test for Corroborating Evidence. Journal of Property Research. 13: 261-273.

Havard, T. 1999. Do Valuers Have a Greater Tendency to Adjust a Previous Valuation Upwards or Downwards? Journal of Property Investment & Finance. 17(4): 365-73.

Gallimore, P and Wolverton, M. 1997. Price-knowledge-Induced Bias: A Cross-cultural Comparison. Journal of Property Valuation & Investmen. 15(3): 261-273.

Diaz, J. III and Hansz, A. 1997. How Valuers Use the Value Opinions of Others. Journal of Property Valuation & Investment. 15(3): 256-60.

Diaz, J. III and Hansz, A. 2001. The Use of Reference Points in Valuation Judgement. Journal of Property Research. 18(2): 141-48.

Cypher, M. and Hansz, J. A. 2003. Does Assessed Value Influence Market Value Judgments? Journal of Property Research. 20(4): 305-318.

Hansz, J. A. 2004. The Use of a Pending Mortgage Reference Point in Valuation Judgement. Journal of Property Investment & Finance. 22(3): 259-268.

Roberts, J. R. and Roberts, E. 1991. The Myth About Appraisals. The Appraisal Journal. 2: 212-20.

Kinnard, W. N. Jr, Lenk, M. M. and Worzala, E. M. 1997. Client Pressure in the Commercial Appraisal Industry: How Prevalent Is It? Journal of Property Valuation & Investment. 15(3): 233-44.

Wolverton, M. and Gallimore, P. 1999. Client Feedback and the Role of the Appraiser. Journal of Real Estate Research. 18(3): 415-31.

Gallimore, P. and Wolverton, M. 2000. The Objective in Valuation: A Study of the Influence of Client Feedback. Journal of Property Research. 17(1): 47-57.

Wolverton, M. 2000. Self-perception of the Role of the Appraiser: Objective Opinions or Price Validations? The Appraisal Journal. July: 272-82.

Hansz, J. A. and Diaz, J. III. 2001. Valuation Bias in Commercial Appraisal: A Transaction Price Feedback Experiment. Real Estate Economics. 29(4): 553-65.

Amidu, Aluko and Hansz. 2008. Client Feedback Pressure and the Role of Estate Surveyors and Valuers. Journal of Property Research. 25(2): 89-106.

Kamalahasan, A. 2012. A Discussion on Client Influence on Property Valuations in Malaysia. The Malaysian Surveyor. 47(4): 30-34.

Smolen, G. E. and Hambleton, D.C. 1997. Is the Real Estate Appraiser’s Role Too Much to Expect? The Appraisal Journal. 65(1): 9-17.

Worzala, E. M., Lenk, M. M. and Kinnard, W. N. Jr. 1998. How Client Pressure Affects the Appraisal of Residential Property. The Appraisal Journal. October: 416-27.

Crosby, N., Lizieri, C. and McAllister, P. 2010. Means, Motive and Opportunity? Disentangling Client Influence on Performance Measurement Appraisals. Journal of Property Research. 27(2): 181-201.

Yu, Shi-Ming. 2002. Client Pressure in Residential Valuations–Evidence from Singapore, Department of Real Estate, National University of Singapore.

Amidu, A. and Aluko, B. 2007a. Client Influence in Residential Property Valuations: An Empirical Study. Property Management. 25(5): 447-61.

Chen, Fong-Yao and Yu, Shi-Ming. 2009. Client Influence on Valuation: Does Language Matter? A Comparative Analysis between Taiwan and Singapore. Journal of Property Investment & Finance. 27(1): 25-41.

Levy, D. and Schuck, E. 1999. The Influence of Clients on Valuations. Journal of Property Investmen & Finance. 17(4): 380-400.

Levy, D. and Schuck E. 2005. The Influence of Clients on Valuations: The Clients’ Perspective. Journal of Property Investmen & Financet. 23(2): 182-201.

Kamalahasan, A. 2014. Client Influence on Financial Reporting Valuations: An Emerging Market Case Study, Unpublished Phd Thesis, University of Reading, UK.

Amidu, A. and Aluko, B.T. 2007b. Client Influence on Valuation: Perceptual Analysis of the Driving Factors. International Journal of Strategic Property Management. 11: 77-89.

Baum, A., Crosby, N., Gallimore, P., McAllister, P. and Gray, A. 2000. The Influence of Valuers and Valuations on the Working of the Commercial Property Investment Market. Investment Propery Forum (Research funded by the Education Trusts of the Investment Property Forum, Jones Lang LaSalle and the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors)

Jones Lang LaSalle. 2012. Global Real Estate Transparency Index.

PEPS. Valuation Issues In Lending and Recovery, Kuala Lumpur: Association of Valuers, Property Managers, Estate Agents and Property Consultants in the Private Sector, Malaysia.

Downloads

Published

2015-08-25

How to Cite

FACTORS AFFECTING CLIENT INFLUENCE ON PROPERTY VALUATION IN MALAYSIA: DO CLIENT SIZE AND SIZE OF VALUE ADJUSTMENT MATTER?. (2015). Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences & Engineering), 75(10). https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v75.5271