GAIT ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION ON SUBJECTS WITH PARKINSON’S DISEASE

Authors

  • Chia Min Lim Faculty of Computer and Informatics Multimedia University, Malaysia
  • Hu Ng Faculty of Computer and Informatics Multimedia University, Malaysia
  • Timothy Tzen Vun Yap Faculty of Computer and Informatics Multimedia University, Malaysia
  • Chiung Ching Ho Faculty of Computer and Informatics Multimedia University, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v77.6493

Keywords:

Parkinson disease, gait, classification

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to analyse the gait of subjects with suffering Parkinson's Disease (PD), plus to differentiate their gait from those of normal people. The data is obtained from a medical gait database known as Gaitpdb [1]. In the data set, there are 73 control subjects and 93 subjects with PD. In our study, we first obtained the gait features using statistical analysis, which include minimum, maximum, median, kurtosis, mean, skewness, standard deviation and average absolute deviation of the gait signal. Next, selection of the extracted features is performed using PSO search, Tabu search and Ranker. Finally the selected features will undergo classification using BFT, BPANN, k-NN, SVM with Ln kernel, SVM with Poly kernel and SVM with Rbf kernel. From the experimental results, the proposed model achieved average of 66.43%, 89.97%, 87.00%, 88.47%, 86.80% and 87.53% correct classification rates respectively.

References

Hausdorff, J. M., Lowenthal, J., Herman, T., Gruendlinger, L., Peretz, C. Giladi, N. 2007. Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation Modulates Gait Variability in Parkinson's disease. European Journal of Neuroscience. 26(8): 2369-2375.

Thomas, G., Irene L. 2004. Global Declaration on Parkinson’s Disease. World Parkinson’s Day International Symposium, Mumbai, India. 6(1).

Geman, O., Ungurean, I., Popa, V., Turcu, C. O., and Găitan, N. C. 2012. Gait in Parkinson's Disease-signal Processing and Modeling. In 11th International Conference on Development and Application System. 166-170.

Pietraszewski, B., WINIARSKI, S., & Jaroszczuk, S. 2012. Threedimensional Human Gait Pattern–reference Data for Normal Men. Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics. 14(3): 9-16.

Braak, H., Ghebremedhin, E., Rüb, U., Bratzke, H., & Del Tredici, K. 2004. Stages in the Development of Parkinson’s Disease-related Pathology. Cell and Tissue Research. 318(1): 121-134.

Kwon, Y, Park, S. H., Kim, J. W., Ho, Y., Jeon, H. M., Bang, M. J., Jung, G. I., Lee, S. M., Eom, G. M., Koh, S. B., Lee, J. W., Jeon, H. S. 2014. A Practical Method for the Detection of Freezing of Gait in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease. Clinical Interventions in Aging. 9: 1709-1719.

Whittle, M. 2003. Gait Analysis: An Introduction. Edinburgh; New York: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Parkinson's Disease Information Sheet 2.8 Mobility and Parkinson’s Disease. 2009. Parkinson’s Australia. 1-3.

Nixon, M. S., Tan, T., & Chellappa, R. 2011. Human Identification Based on Gait. New York; London: Springer.

Murray, M. P., Drought, A. B., and Kory, R. C. 1964. Walking Patterns of Normal Men. The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. 46(2): 335-360.

Murray, M. P. 1967. Gait as A Total Pattern of Movement. American Journal of Physical Medicine. 46(1): 290-333.

Hausdorff, J. M., Lertratanakul, A., Cudkowicz, M. E., Peterson, A. L., Kaliton, D., Goldberger, A. L. 2000. Dynamic Markers of Altered Gait Rhythm in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Journal Applied Physiology. 88: 2045-2053.

Arora, S., Venkataraman, V., Zhan, A., Donohue, S., Biglan, K. M., Dorsey, E. R., and Little, M. A. 2015. Detecting and Monitoring the Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease Using Smartphones: A Pilot Study. Parkinsonism & related disorders.]

Leddy, A. L., Crowner, B. E., & Earhart, G. M. 2011. Functional Gait Assessment and Balance Evaluation System Test: Reliability, Validity, Sensitivity, and Specificity for Identifying Individuals with Parkinson Disease Who Fall. Physical Therapy. 91(1): 102-113.

Sejdic, E., Lowry, K. A., Bellanca, J., Redfern, M. S., & Brach, J. S. 2014. A Comprehensive Assessment of Gait Accelerometry Signals in Time, Frequency and Time-Frequency Domains. Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, IEEE Transactions. 22(3): 603-612.

Goetz, C. G., Tilley, B. C., Shaftman, S. R., Stebbins, G. T., Fahn, S., Martinezâ€Martin, P., Poewe, W., Sampaio, C., Stern, M. B., Dodel, R., Dubois, B., Holloway R., Jankovic, J. Kulisevsky, J., Lang, A. E., Lees, A., Nyenhuis, D., Olanow, C. W., Rascol, O., Schrag, A., Teresi, J. A., Hilten, J. J., LaPelle, N. 2008. Movement Disorder Societyâ€sponsored Revision of The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDSâ€UPDRS): Scale Presentation and Clinimetric Testing Results. Movement Disorders. 23(15): 2129-2170.

Moraglio, A., Chio, C. D., and Poli, R. 2007. Geometric Particle Swarm Optimisation. In M. Ebner, M. O’Neill, A. Ekárt, L. Vanneschi, & A. I. Esparcia-Alcázar (Eds.). Genetic Programming. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 125-136.

Hedar, A.-R., Wang, J., and Fukushima, M. 2008. Tabu Search for Attribute Reduction in Rough Set Theory. Soft Computing. 12(9): 909-918.

Hall, M. A., and Holmes, G. 2003. Benchmarking Attribute Selection Techniques for Discrete Class Data Mining. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering. 15(6): 1437-1447.

Shi, H. 2007. Best-first Decision Tree Learning Doctoral dissertation. The University of Waikato.

Gullu, M., Yilmaz, M., and Yilmaz, I. 2011. Application of back Propagation Artificial Neural Network for Modelling Local GPS/Levelling Geoid Undulations: A Comparative Study. FIG Working Week. 18-22.

Fix, E., and Hodges, J. L. 1989. Discriminatory Analysis. Nonparametric Discrimination: Sentiency Properties. International Statistical Review/Revue Internationale de Statistique. 57(3): 238-247.

Cortes, C., and Vapnik, V. 1995. Support-Vector Networks. Machine Learning. 20(3): 273-297.

Bloem, B. R., Hausdorff, J. M., Visser, J. E., and Giladi, N. 2004. Falls and Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease: A Review of Two Interconnected, Episodic Phenomena. Movement Disorders. 19(8): 871-884.

Bohnen, N. I., Frey, K. A., Studenski, S., Kotagal, V., Koeppe, R. A., Constantine, G. M., and Müller, M. L. 2014. Extraâ€nigral Pathological Conditions are Common in Parkinson's Disease with Freezing of Gait: An in Vivo Positron Emission Tomography Study. Movement Disorders. 29(9): 1118-1124.

Morris, M.E, Huxham, F., Mcginley, J., Dodd, K., Iansek, R. 2001. The Biomechanics and Motor Control of Gait in Parkinson Disease. Clinical Biomechanics. 16(6): 459-470.

Downloads

Published

2015-11-26

How to Cite

GAIT ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION ON SUBJECTS WITH PARKINSON’S DISEASE. (2015). Jurnal Teknologi, 77(18). https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v77.6493