EVALUATION OF ENTRAPMENT POTENTIALITY AND TURBIDITY REMOVAL EFFICIENCY OF FUNGI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v77.6697Keywords:
River water, Kaolin clay, Turbidity, Filamentous Fungi, FlocculationAbstract
Turbidity and suspended solids concentration promotes a number of negative effects on freshwater ecosystems. Conventionally suspended solids and turbidity are removed from raw water by various chemical coagulants but most of them are costly and non-ecofriendly. Whereas, the bioflocculants are environment-friendly and could be used as coagulants. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by microorganisms play a definite role to reduce the turbidity of river water which can enhance the aesthetics of river water and other water uses. In this study, pellets /flocs have been observed of five filamentous fungi isolated from Pusu river water. The strains RWF-01, RWF-02, RWF-03, RWF-04 and RWF-05 showed a good entrapment capability and flocculating rate of 97.56%, 99.42%, 99.18%, 59.34% and 85.21% to kaolin suspension and 44.54%, 99.27%, 98.59%, 28.57% & 68.43% to river water respectively at 48h of culture time. The result showed the clay particles of river water and kaolin has entrapped by the microbial growth and, as a result, they reduced the turbidity of river water.
References
Xia, S., Zhang, Z., Wang, X., Yang, A., Chen, L., Zhao, J., Leonard, D. and Jaffrezic-Renault N. 2008. Production and Characterization of a Bioflocculant by Proteus mirabilis TJ-1. Bioresour. Technol. 99: 6520-6527.
Salehizadeh, H. and Shojaosadati, S. A. 2001. Extracellular Biopolymeric Flocculants: Recent Trends and Biotechnological Importance. Biotechnology Advances. 19(5): 371-385.
Aljuboori, A. H. R., Uemura, Y., Osman, N. B., Yusup, S. 2014. Production of a Bioflocculant from Aspergillus Niger Using Palm Oil Mill Effluent as Carbon Source. Bioresour. Technol. 171: 66-70.
Luvuyo, N., Nwodo, U. U., Mabinya, L. V., and Okoh, A. I. 2013. Studies on Bioflocculant Production by a Mixed Culture of Methylobacterium sp. Obi and Actinobacterium sp. Mayor. BMC Biotechnology. 13(1): 1-7.
Deng, S. B., Yu G., and Ting Y. P. 2005. Production of a Bioflocculant by Aspergillus Parasiticus and Its Application in Dye Removal. Colloid. Surface. B. 44(4): 179-186.
Labille, J., Thomas F., Milas, M., and Vanhaverbeke, C. 2005. Flocculation of Colloidal Clay by Bacterial Polysaccharides: Effect of Macromolecule Charge and Structure. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 284(1): 149-156.
Shih, I. L., Van, Y. T., Yeh, L. C., Lin, H. G. and Chang Y. N. 2001. Production of a Biopolymer Flocculant Bacillus Licheniformis and Its Flocculation Properties. Bioresource Technology. 78(3): 267-272.
Gong, W. X., Wang, S. G., Sun, X. F., Liu, X. W., Yue, Q. Y., and Gao, B. Y. 2008. Bioflocculant Production by Culture of Serratia Ficaria and Its Application in Wastewater Treatment. Bioresource Technology. 99(11): 4668-4674.
Salehizadeh, H., and Shojaosadati, S. A. 2003. Removal of Metal Ions from Aqueous Solution by Polysaccharide Produced from Bacillus firmus.Water Research. 37(17): 4231-4235.
Dhote, S., and Dixit, S. 2009. Water Quality Improvement through Macrophytes-A Review. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 152(1-4): 149-153.
Ebeling, J. M., Sibrell, P. L., Ogden, S. R. and Summerfelt, S. T. 2003. Evaluation of Chemical Coagulation–Flocculation Aids for the Removal of Suspended Solids and Phosphorus from Intensive Recirculating Aquaculture Effluent Discharge. Aquacultural Engineering. 29(1): 23-42.
Zhao, H., Liu, H., and Zhou, J. 2013. Characterization of a Bioflocculant MBF-5 by Klebsiella Pneumoniae and Its Application in Acanthamoeba Cysts Removal. Bioresour. Technol. 137: 226-232.
Altaher, H., and Alghamdi A. 2011. Enhancement of Quality of Secondary Industrial Wastewater Effluent by Coagulation Process: A Case Study. Journal of Environmental Protection. 2(09): 1250-1256.
Alam, M. Z., Fakhru'l-Razi, A., and Molla, A. H. 2004. Evaluation of Fungal Potentiality for Bioconversion of Domestic Wastewater Sludge. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 16(1): 132-137.
Li, Z., Zhong, S., Lei, H. Y., Chen, R. W., Yu, Q., and Li, H. L. 2009. Production of a Novel Bioflocculant by Bacillus Licheniformis X14 and Its Application to Low Temperature Drinking Water Treatment. Bioresource Technology. 100(14): 3650-3656.
Sobeck, D. C. and Higgins, M. J. 2002. Examination of Three Theories for Mechanisms of Cation-induced Bioflocculation. Water Research. 36: 527-538.
Sakthi, S. S., Kanchana, D., Saranraj, P. and Usharani, G. 2012. Evaluation of Amylase Activity of the Amylolytic Fungi Aspergillus niger using Cassava as Substrate. International Journal of Applied Microbiology Science. 1: 24-34.
APHA. 2005. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water. 21th edition. APHA, Washington DC, USA.
Aljuboori, A. H. R., Idris, A., Abdullah, N., Mohamad, R., 2013. Production and Characterization of a Bioflocculant Produced by Aspergillus flavus. Bioresour. Technol. 127: 489-493.
Bala Subramanian, S., Yan, S., Tyagi, R. D., and Surampalli,R. Y. 2008. A New, Pellet-Forming Fungal Strain: Its Isolation, Molecular Identification, and Performance for Simultaneous Sludge-Solids Reduction, Flocculation, and Dewatering. Water Environment Research. 80(9): 840-852.
Alam, M. Z., Fakhru’l-Razi, A., Abd-Aziz, S. and Idris, A. 2001, October. Bioconversion of Wastewater Sludge by Immobilized Microbial Treatment. In Proc.International Water Association (IWA) Conference on Water and Wastewater Management for Developing Countries. 293: 344-353.
Alam. 2002. Microbial Treatment of Domestic Waste Water Treatment Plant Sludge by Liquid State Bioconversion Process. Ph.D thesis submitted on July 2002, University Putra Malyasia.
Cheng, J. P., Zhang L. Y., Wang W. H., Yang Y. C., Zheng M., and Ju S. W. 2004. Screening of Flocculant-Producing Microorganisms and Flocculating Activity. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 16(6): 894-897.
Lu, W. Y., Zhang, T., Zhang, D.Y., Li, C. H., Wen, J. P., and Du, L. X. 2005. A Novel Bioflocculant Produced By Enterobacter Aerogenes and Its Use in Defecating tfhe Trona Suspension. Biochemical Engineering Journal. 27(1): 1-7.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.
