A COMPARISON BETWEEN ALUMINIUM AND IRON ELECTRODES IN ELECTROCOAGULATION PROCESS FOR GLYPHOSATE REMOVAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v77.6982Keywords:
Electrocoagulation, glyphosate removal, percentage removal, aluminium electrodes, iron electrodesAbstract
This study was intended to compare the performance of electrocoagulation process using aluminium and iron electrodes for glyphosate removal in aqueous solution. The effects of initial glyphosate concentration, electrocoagulation time and distance between electrodes, were discussed in detail. An electrocoagulation tank of 500mL with two metal plates electrodes, same in dimensions and metal types, was set up to perform batch mode laboratory experiment and the glyphosate in white powder was first diluted with deionized water. Production of metal cations showed an ability to neutralize negatively charged particles, which then encouraged to bind together to form aggregates of flocs composed of a combination of glyphosate and metal hydroxide. Compared with iron electrodes, aluminium electrodes were more effective for glyphosate removal, with a removal efficiency of over than 80%. This study revealed that electrocoagulation process using aluminium electrodes is reliable, especially designed for initial concentration 100 mg/L, electrocoagulation time 50 min, and distance between electrodes 6 cm. Finally, it can be concluded that electrocoagulation process using aluminium electrodes is efficient for glyphosate removal from aqueous environments.
References
Duke, S.O., and Powles, S. B. 2008 . Glyphosate: A once-in-a-century herbicide: Mini-review. Pest Management Science. 64: 319–325.
Chen, G. 2004. Electrochemical technologies in wastewater treatment. Separation and Purification Technology. 38: 11 – 41.
Holt, P.K., Barton, G.W., and Mitchell, C. A. 2005. The future for electrocoagulation as localised water treatment technology. Chemosphere. 59: 355 – 367.
Cotillas, S., Llanos, J., Can, P., Mateo, S., & Rodrigo, M. A. 2013. Optimization of an integrated electrodisinfection/electrocoagulation process with Al bipolar electrodes for urban wastewater reclamation. Water Research. 47: 1741–1750.
Gadd, A., Ryan, D., Kavanagh, J., Beaurain, A.-L., Luxem, S., & Barton, G. 2010. Electrocoagulation of fermentation wastewater by low carbon steel (Fe) and 5005 aluminium (Al) electrodes. Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. 40(8): 1511–1517.
Nur Adila Ab. Aziz, Z. D. 2012. Electrocoagulation of palm oil mill effluent using aluminium electrodes. Journal of Engineering and Technology. 3: 43–56.
Bensadok, K., Benammar, S., Lapicque, F., & Nezzal, G. 2008. Electrocoagulation of cutting oil emulsions using aluminium plate electrodes. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 152: 423–430.
Zongo, I., Hama, A., Wéthé, J., Valentin, G., Leclerc, J., Paternotte, G., & Lapicque, F. 2009. Electrocoagulation for the treatment of textile wastewaters with Al or Fe electrodes: Compared variations of COD levels, turbidity and absorbance. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 169: 70–76.
Tchamango, S., Nanseu-njiki, C. P., Ngameni, E., Hadjiev, D., & Darchen, A. 2010. Treatment of dairy effluents by electrocoagulation using aluminium electrodes. Science of the Total Environment. 408(4): 947–952.
Nanseu-njiki, C. P., Raoul, S., Claude, P., Darchen, A., & Ngameni, E. 2009. Mercury (II) removal from water by electrocoagulation using aluminium and iron electrodes. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 168: 1430–1436.
Attour, A., Touati, M., Tlili, M., Amor, M. Ben, Lapicque, F., & Leclerc, J. 2014. Influence of operating parameters on phosphate removal from water by electrocoagulation using aluminum electrodes. Separation and Purification Technology. 123: 124–129.
Vasudevan, S., Lakshmi, J., Jayaraj, J., & Sozhan, G. 2009. Remediation of phosphate-contaminated water by electrocoagulation with aluminium, aluminium alloy and mild steel anodes. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 164: 1480–1486.
Kobya, M., Akyol, A., Demirbas, E., & Oncel, M. S. 201). Removal of arsenic from drinking water by batch and continuous electrocoagulation processes using hybrid Al-Fe plate electrodes. Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy.
Lacasa, E., Ca, P., Sáez, C., Fernández, F. J., & Rodrigo, M. A. 2011. Removal of arsenic by iron and aluminium electrochemically assisted coagulation. Separation and Purification Technology. 79: 15–19.
Drouiche, N., Aoudj, S., Hecini, M., Ghaffour, N., Lounici, H., & Mameri, N. 2009. Study on the treatment of photovoltaic wastewater using electrocoagulation: Fluoride removal with aluminium electrodes-Characteristics of products. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 169(1-3): 65–9.
Zhu, J., Wu, F., Pan, X., Guo, J., & Wen, D. 2011. Removal of antimony from antimony mine flotation wastewater by electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 23(7): 1066–1071.
Mollah, M. Y. a, Pathak, S. R., Patil, P. K., Vayuvegula, M., Agrawal, T. S., Gomes, J. a G., Cocke, D. L. 2004. Treatment of orange II azo-dye by electrocoagulation (EC) technique in a continuous flow cell using sacrificial iron electrodes. Journal of Hazardous Materials. B109: 165–71.
Mahmoud, M. S., Farah, J. Y., & Farrag, T. E. 2013. Enhanced removal of Methylene Blue by electrocoagulation using iron electrodes. Egyptian Journal of Petroleum. 22(1): 211–216.
Chou, W., Wang, C., & Huang, K. 2010. Investigation of process parameters for the removal of polyvinyl alcohol from aqueous solution by iron electrocoagulation. Desalination. 251(1-3): 12–19.
Malakootian, M., Mansoorian, H. J., & Moosazadeh, M. 2010. Performance evaluation of electrocoagulation process using iron-rod electrodes for removing hardness from drinking water. Desalination. 255: 67–71.
Abdel-gawad, S. A., Baraka, A. M., Omran, K. A., & Mokhtar, M. M. 2012. Removal of Some Pesticides from the Simulated Waste Water by Electrocoagulation Method Using Iron Electrodes. International Journal of Electrochemical Science. 7: 6654–6665.
Dubrawski, K. L., & Mohseni, M. 2013a. In-situ identification of iron electrocoagulation speciation and application for natural organic matter (NOM) removal. Water Research. 47(14): 5371–5380.
Dubrawski, K. L., & Mohseni, M. 2013b. Standardizing electrocoagulation reactor design : Iron electrodes for NOM removal. Chemosphere. 91(1): 55–60.
Chou, W., Wang, C., & Chang, S. 2009. Study of COD and turbidity removal from real oxide-CMP wastewater by iron electrocoagulation and the evaluation of specific energy consumption. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 168: 1200–1207.
Jafari, H., Hossein, A., & Jonidi, A. 2014. Removal of lead and zinc from battery industry wastewater using electrocoagulation process: Influence of direct and alternating current by using iron and stainless steel rod electrodes. Separation and Purification Technology. 135, 165–175.
Lakshmanan, D., Clifford, D. A., & Samanta, G. 2010. Comparative study of arsenic removal by iron using electrocoagulation and chemical coagulation. Water Research. 44(19): 5641–5652.
Chou, W., & Huang, Y. 2009. Electrochemical removal of indium ions from aqueous solution using iron electrodes. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 172: 46–53.
Zewail, T. M., & Yousef, N. S. 2014. Chromium ions (Cr6+ & Cr3+) removal from synthetic wastewater by electrocoagulation using vertical expanded Fe anode. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry. 735: 123–128.
Ni, M. F., Othman, F., Sohaili, J., & Fauzia, Z. 2007. Electrocoagulation Technique In Enhancing COD And Suspended Solids Removal To Improve Wastewater Quality. Water Science & Technology. 56(7): 47–53.
Mollah, M.Y.A., Morkovsky, P., Gomes, J.A.G., Kesmez, M., Parga, J., and Cocke, D.L. 2004. Fundamentals, present and future perspectives of electrocoagulation. Journal of Hazardous Materials. B114: 199 – 210.
Zainal Abidin, M. S., Shahjahan, Mahmood, M. R., & Hashim, A. M. 2015. Electrodeposited germanium on silicon substrate using a mixture of germanium tetrachloride and propylene glycol. Jurnal Teknologi. 1: 77–82.
Septea, E., Naumar, A., & Mohammed, A. H. 2014. A review of corrosion assessment model and parameters of drinking water distribution pipelines. Jurnal Teknologi. 2: 91–95.
Wan Nik, W. B., Syahrullail, S., Rosliza, R., Rahman, M. M., & Zulkifli, M. F. R. 2012. Corrosion behaviour of aluminium alloy in palm oil methyl ester ( B100 ). Jurnal Teknologi. 58: 73–76.
Ghosh, D., Medhi, C. R., & Purkait, M. K. 2008. Treatment of fluoride containing drinking water by electrocoagulation using monopolar and bipolar electrode connections. Chemosphere. 73(9): 1393–1400.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.
