EVALUATING THE COOLING RATE OF HOT MIX ASPHALT IN TROPICAL CLIMATE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v78.8004Keywords:
Hot mix asphalt (HMA), cooling rate, time available for compaction (TAC), surface and ambient temperatures, solar fluxAbstract
This paper aims to investigate the environmental effect on cooling rate and to determine the appropriate time available for compaction (TAC) using laboratory tests. This includes the study parameters, namely solar flux, base and ambient temperatures (daytime and night-time paving) and wind velocity, focusing on hot mix asphalt (HMA) asphalt concrete wearing with 14 mm nominal maximum aggregate size (ACW14) mix type for the wearing course and ACB28 mix type for the binder course. Samples were prepared in slab moulds 30.5 cm × 30.5 cm × 5 cm and compacted using a manually operated steel-roller. Readings were taken by averaging the temperature measurements at the middle and surface of the slabs and a temperature of 160 ºC was used as the mixing temperature. A control sample was prepared for each mix type and tested in the laboratory without the influence of wind velocity and solar flux. It was found that the cooling rate of HMA is significantly affected by environmental factors, thus influencing the TAC. The TAC tends to decrease by 15-50% during windy and night conditions but increases by up to 100% during daytime conditions compared to the control samples.
References
Ramadhan, R.H. and Al-Abdul Wahhab, H.I. 1997. Temperature Variation of Flexible and Rigid Pavements in Eastern Saudi Arabia.Building and Environment. 32(4): 367-373.
Lin, T. P., Y.F, Ho, and Huang, Y.S . 2007. Seasonal Effect of Pavement on Outdoor Thermal Environments in Subtropical Taiwan.Building and Environment. 42(12): 4124-4131.
Qin, Y. and Hiller, J.E. 2011. Modeling Temperature Distribution in Rigid Pavement Slabs: Impact of Air Temperature.Construction and Building Materials. 25(9): 3753-376.
Ramos GarcÃa, J.A. and Castro, M. 2011. Analysis of the Temperature Influence on Flexible Pavement Deflection.Construction and Building Materials. 25(8): 3530-3539.
Bueno, M., Luong, J.,Vinuela, U., Teran, F.and Paje, S.E. 2011. Pavement Temperature Influence on Close Proximity Tire/Road Noise.Applied Acoustics. 72(11): 829-835.
Anfosso-Lédée, F. and Pichaud, Y. 2007. Temperature Effect on Tyre–Road Noise. Applied Acoustics. 68(1): 1-16.
Yang, Q. and Ning, J. 2011. The Environmental Influence of Asphalt Pavement and Countermeasures. Energy Procedia. 5: 2432-2436.
Schindler, A.K., Ruiz, J.M., Rasmussen, G.K., Chang, G.K. and Wathne, L.G. 2004. Concrete Pavement Temperature Prediction and Case Studies with the FHWA HIPERPAV Models. Cement and Concrete Composites. 26(5): 463-471.
Roberts, L.F., Kandhal, P.S., Brown, R.E., Lee, D.Y. andKennedy, T.W. 1996. Hot-Mix Asphalt Materials, Mixture, Design and Construction. NAPA Education Foundation. Maryland.
Brown, R.E., Hainin, M.R., Cooley, A. and Hurley, G. 2004. Relationship of Air Voids, Lift Thickness, and Permeability in Hot-Mix Asphalt Pavement. National Cooperative Highway Research Program, Report No 531: Washington DC.
Hainin, M. R., Cooley Jr, L.A. and Prowell, B.D. 2003. An Investigation of Factors Influencing Permeability of Superpave Mixes. International Journal of Pavements. 2(2): 41-52.
Oluwasola, E.A., Hainin, M.R. and Aziz, M.M.A. 2015. Evaluation of Asphalt Mixtures Incorporating Electric Arc Furnace Steel Slag and Copper Mine Tailings for Road Construction. Transportation Geotechnics. 2: 47-55.
Newcomb, D.E., Chadbourn, B.A., Luoma, J.A. andVolleri, V.R. 1996. Consideration of Hot-Mix Asphalt Thermal Properties during Compaction. American Society for Testing and Material, ASTM STP 1299.
Jendia, S. and Jarada, A. 2005. Traffic Opening Time and Time Available for Compaction for Fresh Asphalt Layer using Slab Specimens Model.The Islamic University Journal (Series of Natural Studies and Engineering). 14(1): 11-35.
Hughes, C.S. 1989. NCHRP Synthesis of Highway Practice 152: Compaction of Asphalt Pavement. Transportation Research Board: Washington, D.C.
Idham, M. K., Hainin, M.R., Yaacob, H., Warid, M.N and Abdullah, M.E. 2013. Effect of Aging on Resilient Modulus of Hot Mix Asphalt Mixtures. Advanced Materials Research. 723: 291-297.
Ahmad, J., Rahman, M.Y.A and Hainin, M.R. 2011. Rutting Evaluation of Dense Graded Hot Mix Asphalt Mixture. International Journal of Engineering & Technology (IJET-IJEN). 11(05): 56-60.
Chang, C.M., Chang,Y.J. and Chen, J.S. 2009. Effect of Mixture Characteristics on Cooling Rate of Asphalt Pavements. ASCE J Tran Eng.135: 297-304.
Corlew, J.S. and Dickson, P.F. 1968. Methods for Calculating Temperature Profiles of Hot-Mix Asphalt Concrete as Related to the Construction of Asphalt Pavements. Proc Assoc Asphalt Paving Technol. 37: 101-140.
Scherocman, J.A. and Martenson, E.D. 1984. Placement of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures. ASTM STP829: Philadelphia. 3–27.
Oluwasola, E. A., Hainin, M.R., Aziz, M.M.A., Yaacob, H. andWarid, M.N.M.2014. Potentials of Steel Slag and Copper Mine Tailings as Construction Materials. Materials Research Innovations. 18(S6): S6-250-S6-254.
Abdullah, M.E., Zamhari, K.A.,Buhari, R. Nayan, M.N. and Hainin, M.R.2014. Short Term and Long Term Aging Effects of Asphalt Binder Modified with Montmorillonite. Key Engineering Materials. 594: 996-1002.
Sufian, Z., Aziz, N.A., Matori, M.Y., Hussain, M.Z., Hainin, M.R. and Oluwasola, E.A.2014. Influence of Active Filler, Curing Time and Moisture content on the Strength Properties of Emulsion and Foamed Bitumen Stabilized Mix. Jurnal Teknologi. 70(4): 135-141.
Tegelar, P.A. and Dempsey, B.J. 1973. A Method of Predicting Compaction Time for Hot Mix Bituminous Concrete. Proc Assoc Asphalt Paving Technol. 42: 499-523.
Kari, W.J. 1967. Mix Properties as They Affect Compaction. Proc Assoc Asphalt Paving Technol. 36: 295-309.
Jordan, P.G. and Thomas, M.E. 1976. Prediction of Cooling Curves for Hot-Mix Paving Materials by a Computer Program. Transport and Road Research Laboratory Report 729.
Chadbourn, B.A., Newcomb, D.E., Voller, V.R., Desombre, R.A., Luoma, J.A.and Timm, H.D. 1998. An Asphalt Paving Tool for Adverse Conditions. Final Report 72632: Minnesota Department of Transportation.
Hainin, M.R., Md. Yusoff, N.I.,Mohd Satar, M.K.I. and Brown, E.R. 2013. The Effect of Lift Thickness on Permeability and the Time Available for Compaction of Hot Mix Asphalt Pavement under Tropical Climate Condition. Construction and Building Materials. 48: 315-324.
Malaysian Public Works Department. 2008. Standard Specification for Road Works Section 4: Flexible Pavement. JKR/SPJ/2008-S4: Kuala Lumpur.
Fwa, T.F., Low, B.H. and Tan, S.A. 1995. Laboratory Determination of Thermal Properties of Asphalt Mixture by Transient Heat Conduction Method. A Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board: Washington DC.
Hunter, R.N. 1986. Cooling of Bituminous Material during Laying. Journal of The Institute of Asphalt Technology. 38: 19-26.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.
