Online Micro–Controller Non–Invasive Blood Pressure Monitoring System (E–BPM)

Authors

  • Kelvin Tan
  • Mohd Hafiz Fazalul Rahiman
  • Ruzairi Abdul Rahim
  • Muhamad Jaysuman
  • Salinda Buyamin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v54.824

Abstract

Pengukuran tekanan darah telahpun merupakan sebahagian daripada pemeriksaan klinikal pada zaman perubatan moden ini. Dua daripada kaedah yang sering diaplikasi dalam mengukur tekanan darah secara tidak langsung ialah kaedah auskultatori dan kaedah osilometrik. Namun, kaedah konvensional auskultatori dengan menggunakan tolok tekanan dan stetoskop masih diguna secara meluas oleh doktor. Masalah utama dalam mengaplikasi cara konvensional ini ialah berlakunya ketidaktepatan bacaan akibat daripada kepekaan di kalangan doktor yang berlainan dalam menentukan tekanan darah bagi pesakit mereka. Sebaliknya, penggunaan mesin pengukur tekanan darah elektronik telah memberi penyelesaian bagi mengatasi masalah tersebut, tetapi ia masih tidak mampu menunjukkan keadaan denyutan jantung pesakit. Sebagai langkah untuk mengatasi masalah ini, sistem pengukur tekanan darah tidak langsung berdasarkan mikropengawal (e-BPM) telah direka bentuk dalam kajian ini bagi memberi pengukuran tekanan darah yang lebih mudah dan tepat melalui kaedah osilometrik. Untuk mengukur tekanan darah, tekanan yang di dapati di lengan akan dihantar ke port pengesan tekanan. e–BPM ini direka bagi memaparkan hasil pengukuran bersama-sama dengan isyarat ayunan (di mana ia mewakili keadaan denyupan jantung pesakit) pada skrin komputer. Selain itu, hasil pengukuran juga boleh dicetak bagi tujuan rujukan. Kajian ini, memaparkan hasil simulasi bersama–sama dengan isyarat ayunan, iaitu pendedahan kepada applikasi pengukuran tekanan darah secara tidak langsung. Ia juga boleh memberikan bacaan kadar denyutan dengan tepat. Sebagai tambahan, bagi ukuran tekanan darah, ketepatan sistem tersebut boleh diterima dengan merujuk depada nilai mean yang dihasilkan. Bagaimanapun, terdapat coefficients yang perlu dikaji semula untuk menambahbaik ketepatan dalam menjalankan ukuran tekanan darah. Kata kunci: Tekanan darah; pengesan tekanan Measurements of blood pressure have been part of the basic clinical examination since the earliest days of modern medicine. Two of the most commonly used methods in performing the non–invasive blood pressure measurement are the auscultatory method and the oscillometric method. However, the conventional auscultatory method using sphygmomanometer and stethoscope is still widely used by doctors. The main problem in implementing this conventional method is the inaccuracy in readings due to the different abilities among doctors in sensing their patients’ blood pressure. On the other hand, the usage of oscillometric electronic blood pressure monitors has provided a good solution to the problem but the limitation is that they do not indicate the patient’s heartbeat condition. As a solution, the online micro–controller based non–invasive blood pressure monitoring system (e–BPM) is developed in this study to provide a more convenient and accurate measurement of blood pressure using the principles of the oscillometric method. In performing the blood pressure measurement, the medical hardware delivers the pressure inside arm cuff to the pressure sensor port. The e–BPM is developed to display the measurement results with oscillation signal waveform (which indicates the patient’s heartbeat condition) on the computer screen where the results can be printed out for reference. The simulation results show the oscillation signal waveform, giving a comprehensive exposure in the application of non–invasive blood pressure measurement. The developed e–BPM is accurate in giving the measurement of pulse rate. In addition, for blood pressure measurements, the accuracy of the system is still acceptable by referring to the obtained mean values. However, some applied coefficients should be reviewed in order to improve the accuracy in performing the blood pressure measurement. Key words: Blood pressure; pressure sensor

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Published

2012-03-08

Issue

Section

Science and Engineering

How to Cite

Online Micro–Controller Non–Invasive Blood Pressure Monitoring System (E–BPM). (2012). Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences & Engineering), 54(1), 403–423. https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v54.824