UNDERWATER GROUND MAPPING FOR FLOOD DISASTER USING ULTRASONIC SENSOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v78.9430Keywords:
Underwater ground mapping, flood disaster, ultrasonic sensor, current, depthAbstract
Search and Rescue (SAR) team used dip stick to measure the water depth and identify the badly eroded area and a guide line will be placed to assist them. However, ground erosion is unpredictable coupled with unknown sizes make the SAR task more difficult thus posing grave danger to SAR team in action. Therefore, this current method is no longer reliable because the flood current will swipe it away and rendered the guide line to be unfeasible over time consuming. A system proposed in this study was developed using ultrasonic sensor array to reconstruct the ground map in flood area. It consists of several sensor arrays to collect the underwater depth information and convert them into mapping data before relaying them to ground station. The results then will help the SAR team to identify the safe path to reach for the flood victims. The factor to focus on is the depth of the flood, the current flow and the medium that the wave will go through. The current flow will be the main threat because the sensor needs to be on the right angle to get the accurate reading. The data then will be transfer to excel to start the mapping for underwater ground. Based on the result from the prototype testing conducted using water tank, sensors can be installed to get wider map view and mapping can be improved by using multi-angle shapes for it to be more accurate in flood disaster.Â
References
M. Raju, 2001. Ultrasonic Distance Measurement With the MSP430. TAG: Pizo Drive Circuit. Mixed Signal Processors. 1(3): 1-18.
M. H. F. Rahiman, R. A. Rahim, and H. A. Rahim, Feb. 2011. Gas Hold-Up Profiles Measurement Using Ultrasonic Sensor. IEEE Sens. J. 11(2): 460-461.
R. Longo, S. Vanlanduit, G. Arroud, and P. Guillaume, Jan. 2015. Underwater Acoustic Wavefront Visualization by Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer for the Characterization of Focused Ultrasonic Transducers. Sensors (Basel). 15(8): 19925-36.
K. R. Waters and P. H. Johnston, Nov. 2005. Tomographic Imaging Of An Ultrasonic Field In A Plane By Use Of A Linear Array: Theory And Experiment. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control. 52(11): 2065-2074.
M. R. Holland and J. G. Miller. 1988. Phase-Insensitive And Phase-Sensitive Quantitative Imagingof Scattered Ultrasound Using A Two-Dimensional Pseudo-Array. IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. 5(11): 815-819.
Y. Humeida, V. J. Pinfield, R. E. Challis, P. D. Wilcox, and C. Li, Sep. 2013. Simulation Of Ultrasonic Array Imaging Of Composite Materials With Defects. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control. 60(9): 1935-48.
M. Hafiz Fazalul Rahiman, Z. Zakaria, R. Abdul Rahim, and W. Nyap Ng, Jun. 2009. Ultrasonic Tomography Imaging Simulation Of Twoâ€Phase Homogeneous Flow. Sens. Rev. 29(3): 266-276.
S. Z. M. Muji, C. L. Goh, N. M. N. Ayob, R. a. Rahim, M. H. F. Rahiman, H. a. Rahim, M. J. Pusppanathan, and N. S. M. Fadzil, Oct. 2013. Optical Tomography Hardware Development For Solid Gas Measurement Using Mixed Projection. Flow Meas. Instrum. 33: 110-121.
N. Muzakkir, N. Ayob, M. Jaysuman, R. Abdul, M. Hafiz, F. Rahiman, and F. Rahman. 2013. Design Consideration for Front-End System in Ultrasonic Tomography. Jurnal Teknologi. 5: 53-58,.
R. A. Rahim, K. T. Chiam, M. H. F. Rahiman, and P. Jayasuman. 2009. Processor-Based Optical Tomography System. IEEE Sensors Journal. 9(9): 1076-1083,
E. J. Mohamad, R. A. Rahim, L. P. Ling, M. Hafiz, F. Rahiman, O. Mohd, F. Bin, N. Muzakkir, and N. Ayob. 2012. Segmented Capacitance Tomography Electrodes : A Design and Experimental Verifications. IEEE Sensors Journal. 12(5): 1589-1598.
R. A. Rahim, M. H. F. Rahiman, L. L. Chen, C. K. San, and P. J. Fea May 2008. Hardware Implementation of Multiple Fan Beam Projection Technique in Optical Fibre Process Tomography. Sensors. 8(5): 3406-3428.
R. Sathishkumar, A. Vimalajuliet, J. S. Prasath, K. Selvakumar and V. H. S. Veer Reddy 2011. Micro Size Ultrasonic Transducer For Marine Applications. Indian Journal of Science and Technology. 4(1): 8-11.
Y. Li and S. Member, 2006. Position and Time-Delay Calibration of Transducer Elements in a Sparse Array for Underwater Ultrasound Imaging. IEEE Transactions On Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, And Frequency Control. 53(8): 1458-1467.
A. Bellettini and M. Pinto, Jul 2009. Design and Experimental Results of a 300-kHz Synthetic Aperture Sonar Optimized for Shallow-Water Operations. IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. 34(3): 285-293.
W. Zhehao and L. Xia, March, 2015. An Improved Underwater Acoustic Network Localization Algorithm. Communications System Design. 3: 2-3.
A. B. Hassan, M. S. Abolarin, and O. H. Jimoh, 2006. The Application of Visual Basic Computer Programming Language to Simulate Numerical Iterations. Journal of Robotics, Networking and Artificial Life. 9: 125-136.
R. R. Harrison, C. Charles, and S. Member. 2003. A Low-Power Low-Noise CMOS Amplifier for Neural Recording Applications. IEEE Journal Of Solid-State Circuits. 38(6): 958-965.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.
