DURABILITY OF HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE CONTAINING PALM OIL FUEL ASH OF DIFFERENT FINENESS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/mjce.v21.15781Keywords:
High Strength Concrete, Palm Oil Fuel Ash, Fineness, Durability, Aggressive EnvironmentAbstract
The use of palm oil fuel ash (POFA) as a pozzolanic material for cement replacement in concrete will reduce the cost of concrete and environmental problems. POFA used in this study was ground to increase its degree of fineness to improve its reactivity in the mixture thus enhance the concrete properties. The present study is designed to determine the effect of POFA fineness towards durability of high strength POFA concrete in aggressive environment specifically in terms of increasing its resistance towards chemical attacks namely sulphate, acid and chloride penetration. Two types of mixes were prepared using ash possessing different fineness namely 45 µm and 10 µm and a control mix with OPC. The entire high strength POFA concrete specimens prepared consist of 20% POFA as partial cement replacement material. Conclusively, integration of POFA as partial cement replacement, especially very fine POFA increase the resistance of high strength POFA concrete in chemical environment towards chloride penetration, acid and sulphate attack .References
Abdul Awal, A.S.M. and Hussin, M.W. (1996) Properties of fresh and hardened concrete containing palm oil fuel ash. Proceedings of the 3rd Asia- Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction. Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
Abdul Awal, A.S.M. and M.W. Hussin (1997) Some aspects of durability performances of concrete incorporating palm oil fuel ash. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on
Structural Failure Durability and Retrofitting, Singapore.
Abdul Awal, A.S.M. (1998) A Study of Strength and Durability Performances of Concrete Containing Palm Oil Fuel Ash. PhD Thesis. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia, 242pp.
Arreshvhina, N. (2002) Application of Slag Cement Based Aerated Lightweight Concrete in NonLoad Bearing Wall Panels. Master Thesis, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia, 140 pp.
ASTM Designation C 1012 - 89 (1994). Standard Test Method For Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed To A Sulfate Solution. Annual Book of
ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials
ASTM Designation C 150 - 92 (1992). Standard Specification for Portland Cement. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials
ASTM C494-05a (2005). Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials
ASTM C 618-05 (2005). Standard Specification for Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete. Annual Book of ASTM Standards American Society for
Testing and Materials
Basiron, Y. and Simeh, M.A. (2005) Vision 2020 – the palm oil phenomenon. Oil Palm Industry Economic Journal, 5 (2): 1-10.
British Standard Institution. Testing Concrete. Method for Determination of Compressive
Strength of Concrete Cubes. London, BS 1881: Part 116. 1983.
Budiea, A. M. B., Ismail, M. A. and Hussin, M. W. (2008a) Durability of high strength pofa concrete. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Science and Technology,
Permatang Pauh, Malaysia.
Budiea, A. M. B., Ismail, M. A. and Hussin, M. W. (2008b) Study on acid resistance of high strength POFA concrete. Proceedings of the 2nd Engineering Conference, Sarawak, Malaysia.
Chindaprasirt, P., Homwuttiwong, S. and Sirivivatnanon, V. (2004) Influence of fly ash fineness on strength, drying shrinkage and sulfate resistance of blended cement mortar. Cement and
Concrete Research. 34. 1087 - 1092.
Hogan, F. J. and Muesel, J. W. (1981) Evaluation for durability and strength development of a ground granulated blast furnace slag. Cement, Concrete and Aggregate. 3(1). 40 52-
Hussin, M. W., Abdullah, K. and Zakaria, F. (2008) Utilization of palm oil fuel ash for optimum strength of aerated concrete. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Civil Engineering. Kuantan, Malaysia.
Hussin, M.W. and Abdullah, K. (2009) Properties of Palm Oil Fuel Ash Cement Based Aerated Concrete Panel Subjected to Different Curing Regimes, Malaysian Journal Of Civil Engineering. 21(1):17-31
Irassar, E. F., Gonzalez, M and Rahhal, V. (2000) Sulphate resistance of type V cements with limestone filler and natural pozzolana. Cement and Concrete Composites, 22. 361 - 368.
Jaturapittakul, C., Kiattikomol, K., Tangchirapat, W. and Saeting, T. (2007) Evaluation of the sulfate resistance of concrete containing palm oil fuel ash. Construction and Building Materials, 21. 1399 - 1405.
Koh, H. B., Diah, A. B. M. and Lee, Y. L. (2008) Biomass silica – towards sustainable concrete construction. Proceedings of Malaysian Technical Universities Conference on Engineering
and Technology, Putra Palace, Perlis.
Massazza, F. (1993) Pozzolanic cements. Cement and Concrete Composites, 15(4). 185 - 214.
Mat Yahaya, F (2003) Pengaruh Abu Terbang Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Kekuatan Mampatan Dan Ketahanlasakan Konkrit Berudara Master Thesis. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Malaysia,
pp.
Mehta, P. K. (1985) Studies on chemical resistance of low water / cement ratio concretes. Cement and Concrete Research. 15. 969 - 978.
Mehta, P. K. (1986) Effect of fly ash composition on sulfate resistance of cement. ACI Journal. 83(6). 994 – 1000
Rasheeduzzafar, Dakhil, F. H., Al-Gahtani, A. S., Al-Saadoun, S. S. and Maher, A. (1990) Influence of cement composition on the corrosion of reinforcement and sulfate resistance of
concrete. ACI Materials Journal, 87(2). 114 - 122.
Salihuddin, R. S. (1998) Relationships between Engineering Properties and Microstructural Characteristics of Mortar Containing Agricultural Ash. PhD Thesis. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia, 425 pp.
Salihuddin, R. S. and Hussin, M. W. (1993) Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) as a future partial cement replacement material in housing construction. Proceedings of the International Symposium on
Urban Housing: Issues on Environment and Technology, Bangkok, Thailand, 363-372.
Salihuddin, R. S. and Hussin, M. W. (1995) Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) as a future partial cement replacement material in housing construction. Journal of Ferrocement, 25(1). 25 – 34
Sata, V., C. Jaturapitakkul and Kiattikomol, K. (2004) Utilization of palm oil fuel ash in highstrength
concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 16: 623-628.
Somayaji, S. (2001) Civil Engineering Materials. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, Prentice
Hall, Inc.
Sumathi, S., Chai, S. P. and Mohamed, A. R. (2008) Utilization of oil palm as a source or renewable energy in Malaysia. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 12. 2404 – 2421.
Tay, J. H. and Show, K. Y. (1995) Use of ash derived from oil palm waste incineration as a cement replacement material. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 13. 27 - 36
