CURRENT WASTE GENERATION OF E-WASTE AND CHALLENGES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: AN OVERVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/mjce.v27.15912Keywords:
Challenges, developing countries, e-waste, issues, waste generationAbstract
The rapid growth of information and telecommunication technology ((ICT) in many developing countries has led to the improvement in the capacity of computers but simultaneously decrease the product lifespan which contribute to increase amount of e-waste. This paper reviews management issues related to electric and electronic waste (e-waste) as well as challenges faced by developing countries particularly China, India, Jordan, Tanzania, Philippines, Korea, Thailand, Brazil and Malaysia. Amongst the issues include awareness of institution and government, overall management and financing problem. From the review in selected developing countries, it can be concluded that the awareness of public towards e-waste management is low. Most consumers were not aware of the proper way to treat e-waste and for government and institution commitments were low as strict and consistent enforcement were lacking. Informal sector plays a major role while low-cost machinery and manual segregation was prominent. Systematic policy and regulation of e-waste management in developing countries needs to be enhanced to achieve best practices in e-waste management. Lack of financial support further exacerbated the challenges in these developing countries, as proper treatment requires a high capital and maintenance costs.References
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