INTERRELATION AMONG PERTINENT ELEMENTS OF CRITICAL THINKING AND MATHEMATICAL THINKING IN THE REAL-WORLD PRACTICE OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/mjce.v27.15926Keywords:
Critical thinking, mathematical thinking, modified grounded theory, qualitative research, research methodology, engineering educationAbstract
Engaging critical thinking and mathematical thinking in solving engineering problems is complying ABET engineering criteria. Thus, the understanding of interaction between these two thinking is critical for the current engineering education. However, the interaction is not thoroughly being studied in the real-world engineering practice. This paper describes the selection process of the pertinent elements of critical thinking and mathematical thinking and the interrelation among the elements in the real-world civil engineering practice, using modified grounded theory analysis. Data consisted of semi-structured interviews with eight practicing civil engineers from two consultancy firms. A total of fifty three pertinent elements emerged during open coding process. Axial coding process developed the interrelation among the pertinent elements. The findings showed that during design process, the elements were interwoven, concurrently used, indispensable and inexorably linked. Thus, the results provide main source of information to explain the interaction among pertinent elements in selective coding process.References
Beyer, B. K. (1990). What Philosophy Offers to the Teaching of Thinking. Educational Leadership, 55–60.
Birks, M., & Mills, J. (2011). Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide. Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide. Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publications Ltd.
Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (1990). Grounded Theory Research_procedures, canons and evaluative criteria. Qualitative Sociology, 19(6), 418–427.
Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2008). Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Devlin, K. J. (2002). The Math Gene : How Mathematical Thinking Are Like Gossip Where Mathematics Comes From : How the Embodied Mind Brings Mathematics Into Beino, 74–
Devlin, K. J. (2012). Introduction to Mathematical Thinking. Theoklesia, LLC.
Enko, J. (2014). Creative writers’ experience of self-determination: An examination within the grounded theory framework. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 14, 1–10.
doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2014.06.004
Facione, P. A. (1990). Critical Thinking : A Statement of Expert Consensus For Purposes of Educational Assessment and Instruction. California Academic Press.
Facione, P. A. (2007). Critical Thinking : What It Is and Why It Counts. California Academic Press, 1–23.
Facione, P. A. (2013). Critical Thinking : What It Is and Why It Counts. California Academic Press.
Facione, P. A., Facione, N. C., & Giancarlo, C. A. (2000). The Disposition Toward Critical Thinking : Its Character , Measurement , and Relationship to Critical Thinking Skill. Informal Logic, 20(1), 61–84.
Goldkuhl, G., & Cronholm, S. (2010). Adding Theoretical Grounding to Grounded Theory : Toward Multi-Grounded Theory. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 9(2), 187–205.
Johnson, B., & Christensen, L. (2000). Educational Research: Quantitative and qualitative approaches. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Kadir, M. A. A. (2007). Critical thinking: A family resemblance in conceptions. Education and Human Development, 1(2), 1–11.
Katagiri, S. (2004). Mathematical Thinking and How to Teach It. Tokyo: Meijitosyo Publishers.
Paul, R. (1995). Critical Thinking: How to Prepare Students for a Rapidly Changing World. Santa Rosa, CA: Foundation for Critical Thinking.
Radzi, N. M., Abu, M. S., Mohammad, S., & Abdullah, F. A. P. (2011). Math-oriented critical thinking elements for civil engineering undergraduates : are they relevant ? In IETEC’11
Conference. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Radzi, N. M., Mohamad, S., Abu, M. S., & Phang, F. A. (2012). Are Math-Oriented Critical Thinking Elements in Civil Engineering Workplace Problems Significant?: Insights from Preliminary Data and Analysis. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 56, 96–107.
Saldaña, J. (2009). The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers. London: Sage Publications Ltd.
Schoenfeld, A. H. (1985). Mathematical Problem Solving. Orlando: Academic Press.
Schoenfeld, A. H. (1992). Learning to think mathematically: Problem solving, metacognition, and sense-making in mathematics. In D. Grouws (Ed.), Handbook for Research on
Mathematics Teaching and Learning (pp. 334–370). New York: MacMillan.
Scott, K. W. (2004). Relating Categories in Grounded Theory Analysis : Using a Conditional Relationship Guide and Reflective Coding Matrix. The Qualitative Report, 9(1), 113–126.
Scott, K. W., & Howell, D. (2008). Clarifying Analysis and Interpretation in Grounded Theory : Using a Conditional Relationship Guide and Reflective Coding Matrix. International
Journal of Qualitative Methods, 7(2), 1–15.
Stacey, K. (2007). What is Mathematical Thinking and why is it important? Progress report of the APEC- project Collaborative Studies on Innovations for Teaching and Learning Mathematics in Different Cultures (II) Lesson Study focused on Mathematical Thinking
Sternberg, R. J. (2012). What Is Mathematical Thinking. In R. J. Sternberg & T. Ben-Zeev (Eds.), The Nature of Mathematical Thinking (pp. 303–316). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. Newbury Park, California: Sage Publications, Inc.
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory (2nd ed.). California: Sage Publications, Inc.
Tuomela, A. (2005). Network Service Organisation - Interaction In Workplace Networks. Helsinki University of Technology.