BEHAVIORS OF FIELD SOILCRETE CREATED BY A LIGHT WEIGHT EQUIPMENT SYSTEM TO REINFORCE AN EARTH LEVEE IN VIETNAM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/mjce.v28.15707Keywords:
Deep mixing method, unconfined compressive strength, secant modulus of elasticity, earth levee, soilcrete.Abstract
The current techniques reinforcing earth levees in the Mekong Delta have been less effective. The soil cement deep mixing technology (SCDM) using a small light weight equipment system has high potential to reinforce earth levees effectively and sustainably due to utilization of the in-situ soils. This paper investigated characteristics of field soilcrete created by a small light weight equipment system known as the NSV system in Dong Thap province which is one of thirteen provinces in the Mekong Delta. A 30-m soilcrete wall was completely constructed using the NSV in Dong Thap province. A 0.5-m thick wall of single row soilcrete columns and a 1-m thick wall of double row soilcrete columns with a depth of 8 m were built in 15 m long. Unconfined compressive strength test (UCS) was employed to determine the strength and stiffness of soilcrete specimens. About 60 soilcrete specimens were successfully made and tested using a UCS instrument in laboratory. Unconfined compressive strength, qu, inside a soilcrete column was higher than those of the designed strength about 4 to 5 times. The qu of 2-column overlapped locations was higher than those of inside columns about 1.6 to 2.5 times. The qu of 3-column overlapped locations was lower than those of inside columns about 1.4 to 1.6 times. Ratio of secant modulus of elasticity to UCS is about 28 to 140 times.References
ASTM (2007). American Society for Testing and Materials. Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Moulded soil – cement cylinders. ASTM D1633: 1-3.
ASTM (2012). American Society for Testing and Materials. Standard Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete. ASTM C42-12, 1-8.
ASTM (2013). American Society for Testing and Materials. Standard test method for Unconfined Compressive Strength of Cohesive Soil. ASTM D2166: 1-6.
Dong Thap People’s Committee (2014). Report on re-arrangement local people in yearly natural disaster areas and in special forests. No. 25/BC-UBND, date 27.02.2014. (in Vietnamese)
Dong Thap People’s Committee (2012). Report on existing earth levees in Dong Thap province after the flood season 2011. Report No. 01/BC-UBND on Jan. 3rd, 2012. (in Vietnamese)
Kamruzzaman, A. H. M. (2002). Physico-Chemical and Engineering of cement treated Singapore marine clay. Master thesis, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 184 pages.
Kitazume, M. and Terashi, M. (2013). The deep mixing method. CRC Press, UK, 405 pages.
Larsson, S. (2005). State of Practice Report-Executio, monitoring and quality control. Royal Institute of Technology, Stockhom, Sweden, 2: 732-785.
Las XD475 (2013). Report on soil investigation for the HCMUT CRI research project. 60 pages. (in Vietnamese)
Le Khac Bao, Le Phi Long, Do Thi My Chinh, and Tran Nguyen Hoang Hung (2014). Laboratory investigation of soilcrete behaviors applying to reinforce earth levees in dong thap province. Journal of Construction 4: 60-64. (in Vietnamese)
Mai Anh Phương, Nguyen Binh Tien, Truong Dac Chau, and Tran Nguyen Hoang Hung (2014). Mechanical behaviors of soilcrete created by an giang soils’ mixed with cement simulating deep mixing methods. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 2: 34-43. (in Vietnamese)
Ministry of Construction (2012). Soft ground improvement – Soil cement mixing technology. Vietnam Code: TCVN 9403:2012: 1-42. (in Vietnamese)
Ministry of Construction (2009). Portland cement – Technical specifications. Vietnam standard, TCVN 6260:2009: 1-7. (in Vietnamese)
Tran-Nguyen, H.H., Le, T.T., and Ly, T.H. (2014a). A field trial study on Jet Grouting to improve the subsoil in HCM City, Vietnam. Jurnal of Teknologi: Science & Engineering 69: 23-29.
Tran-Nguyen, H.H., Kitazume, M., Luong, B.T., and Bui, T.T. (2014b). Laboratory investigation on An Giang soil mixed with dry cement. Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering 26: 77-88.
Tran-Nguyen, H.H., Le, T.T., and Ly, T.H. (2013a). Soilcrete characteristics created by a single Jet Grouting system in Ho Chi Minh City. Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Geotechnics for sustainable development, Hanoi, Nov. 28-29, 465-474.
Tran-Nguyen, H.H., Kitazume, M., Otani, J., and Ueyama, Y. (2013b). Applying Soil Cement Shallow Mixing to Construct Rural Roads in the Mekong Delta: Field Experimental Study. Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Geotechnics for sustainable development, Hanoi, Nov. 28-29, 335-342.