ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF HIGH VOLUME SLAG CEMENT GROUT IN TROPICAL CLIMATE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/mjce.v19.15740Keywords:
Slag, Compressive strength, Flexural strength, Drying shrinkageAbstract
Concrete repair is a complex process. It must successfully integrate new material with the old one to form a lasting composite that can withstand harsh environment. Cement based grout is used for most general repair works due to its low cost and availability. This research, however, used ordinary Portland cement and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) as binders to produce a slag cement based grout. The research objective is to produce a sufficient mix proportion for slag cement based grout that has good engineering properties and can be used as concrete repair material in tropical climates. Flow cone test was used to determine the mix proportions of cement grout. Several batches of 50% slag replacement cement mixes were designed and tested for its flowability and compressive strength properties. Finally, the mix proportion with fresh properties, namely workability, bleeding, and setting time that fulfill the requirements of ASTM C 937 and has optimum strength development was selected. The optimum compressive strength obtained for 50% slag replacement cement grout was above 30 MPa and its flexural strength was above 9 MPa under water curing condition. Result of drying shrinkage test strengthened the finding that the replacement of 50% slag as binder to cement mix with proper mix proportion is suitable to be used in normal grade concrete repairs under tropical climateReferences
ACI 233R (1995) Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag as a Cementitious Constituent in Concrete (ACI 233R-95).
ASTM C 78 (1988) Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third Point Loading)
ASTM C 403 (2001) Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Concrete Mixtures by Penetration Resistance (ASTM C 403/ C 403M - 99).
ASTM C595 (1992) Standard Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cement (ASTM C 595 - 92a).
ASTM C 937 (2002) Standard Specification for Grout Fluidifier for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete (ASTM C 937 - 02).
ASTM C 938 (2002) Standard Practice for Proportioning Grout Mixtures for PreplacedAggregate Concrete (ASTM C 938 - 02).
ASTM C 939 (2002) Standard Test Method for Flow of Grout for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete (Flow Cone Method) (ASTM C 939 - 02).
ASTM C 940 (2003) Standard Test Method for Expansion and Bleeding of Freshly Mixed Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory (ASTM C 940 – 98a).
ASTM C 953 (1987) Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Grouts for PreplacedAggregate Concrete in the Laboratory (ASTM C 953 - 87).
ASTM C 989 (1989) Standard Specification for Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag for Use in Concrete and Mortars (ASTM C 989 - 89).
ASTM C 1157 (1992) Standard Performance for Hydraulic Cement (ASTM C 1157 - 92).
Bowen, R. (1981) Grouting In Engineering Practice 2nd Edition. London, Apply Science Pub.
BS 1881 (1993) Rate of Loading (BS 1881 : Part 116, 1993).
Bungey, J. H. and Millard, S. G. (1996) Testing of Concrete in Structures (3rd Ed.) Absorption and Permeability Tests. London: Chapman & Hall.
Nonveiller, E. (1989) Grouting Theory and Practice. Amsterdam, Elsevier.
Peter, H E. (1994) Concrete Repair and Maintenance Illustrated. Kingston, MA : R. S. Means Company, 30 pp.
RILEM CPC9 (1994) Technical Recommendations for the Testing and Use of Construction Materials: Measurement of Shrinkage and Swelling of Concrete. 1975, (CPC9). 28-29 pp.
RILEM CPC10.2 (1994) Technical Recommendations for the Testing and Use of Construction Materials : Density of Hardened Concrete. 1975, (CPC10.2). 31 –32 pp.
RILEM AAC 5.1 (1994) Technical Recommendations for the Testing and Use of Construction Materials: Determination of Drying Shrinkage of AAC. 1992, (AAC 5.1). 127-128 pp.
