Perbandingan Kompetensi Pengetua Sekolah antara Malaysia dan Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v62.1366Keywords:
Kompetensi pengetua sekolah, kepimpinan sekolah, kepimpinan pengajaran, kepimpinan operasional sekolah, konsep mappingAbstract
Cabaran pendidikan pada masa ini semakin membimbangkan pengetua sekolah yang tidak mempunyai kompetensi sebagai pemimpin pendidikan. Kompetensi sebagai pemimpin pendidikan dalam kajian ini ialah kompetensi dari segi kepimpinan sekolah, kepimpinan pengajaran dan kepimpinan operasional sekolah yang merupakan hasil penggabungjalinan dokumen kompetensi kepengetuaan sekolah khasnya dokumen Malaysia dan Indonesia. Sebanyak 81 responden daripada 22 SMK di Johor, Malaysia dan 154 responden daripada 40 SMA Negeri Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia menyertai kajian ini. Kaedah analisis yang digunakan iaitu; Analisis Faktor (Exploratory Factor Analysis-EFA, dan Confirmatory Factor Analysis-CFA), analisis deskriptif dan analisis inferensial. Dapatan analisis EFA dan CFA menunjukkan bahawa dimensi-dimensi kompetensi yang digunakan dalam kajian ini amnya menyokong secara signifikan terhadap faktor kompetensi yang dibincangkan. Manakala dapatan deskriptif menunjukkan bahawa tahap kompetensi pengetua sekolah di Malaysia pada amnya lebih tinggi berbanding kompetensi pengetua sekolah di Indonesia. Seterusnya, keputusan analisis hipotesis menunjukkan menolak hipotesis nul yang dicadangkan, yang bermakna bahawa terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan antara kompetensi pengetua sekolah di Malaysia dan Indonesia.
References
Bartleman, R., Dinnen, M.S., Gallagher, B.A. & Kraft, S.A. 2007. School Leadership Development Program Evaluation. The School Board of Broward Country. Florida.
Beatriz, P., Deborah, N. & Hunter, M. 2008. Improving School Leadership Activity. Retrieved February 3, 2012 from www.oecd.org/edu/schoolleadership.
Bennis, W. & Nanus, B. 1985. Leaders: The Strategies for Taking Charge. New York: Harper Collins.
Collins, J. 2001. Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap and Others Don't. New York: Harper Business.
Country of Santa Barbara. 2008. Operational Leadership Development: Program. California: University Employees.
Creswell, J.W. 2002. Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research. New Jersey: Merill Prentice Hall.
Daggett, W.R. 2005. Successful Schools: From Research to Action Plans. International Center for Leadership in Education. Presented at June 2005 Model Schools Conference.
Danim, Sudarwan. 2002. Inovasi Pendidikan dalam Usaha Peningkatan Profesionalisme Tenaga Kependidikan. Bandung: Penerbit Pustaka Setia.
Davis, S., Hammond, L.D., LaPointe, M. & Meyerson, D. 2005. School Leadership Study Developing Successful Principals. Stanford Educational Leadership Institute (SELI).
Departemen Pendidikan Nasional Indonesia. 2007 Peraturan Menteri (Permen) Pendidikan Indonesia Nombor 13 Tahun 2007 tentang Standard Kompetensi Kepala Sekolah. Jakarta: Depdiknas.
Dharma, Surya. 2008. Kepala Sekolah di Indonesia tidak Kompeten. Harian Kompas.com
Drucker, P. 1992. Managing for the Future: The 1990s and Beyond. New York: Penguin.
Edmonds, R. 1979. Effective School for the Urban Poor. Educational leadership. 40 (3): 4–11.
Ferdinand, Augusty. 2002. Structural Equation Modeling dalam Penelitian Manajemen. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Florida Department of Education (FDoE). 2008. Florida Principal Leadership Standards. Retrieved January 16, 2011 from http://www.floridaschoolleaders.org
Gibson, James L., Donnely, James H. & Ivancevich, Jhon M. 1996. Manajemen (Edisi kesembilan). Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga.
Glanz, Jeffrey. 2006. What Every Leadership Should Know about Operational Leadership. New York City: Yeshiva University.
Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. E & McKee, A. 1995. Primary Leadership: Realizing the Power of Emotional Intellegence. Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing.
Green, R.L. 2001. Practicing the Art of Leadership: A Problem-based Approach to Implementing the ISLLC Standards. Columbus, Ohio: Merrill Prentince Hall.
Hallinger, P. and Heck, R.H. 1998. Exploring the Principal’s Contribution to School Effectiveness: 1980–1995. School Effectiveness and Social Improvement. 9: 157–191.
Hallinger, P. and Murphy, J. 1985. Assessing the Instructional Leadership Behavior of Principals. Elementary School Journal. 86(2): 217–248.
Hair, J. F., Willian, C. B., Barry, J. B. & Rolph, E. A. 2010. Multivariate Data Analysis. Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hallinger, Philip. 2009. Leadership for 21st Century Schools: from Instructional Leadership to Leadership for Learning. The Hong Kong Institute of Education.
Hersey, Paul. 1984. The Situational Leader. San Fransisco, California: The Center for Leadership Research.
Hooper, D., Coughlan, J. & Mullen, M. 2008. Structural Equation Modeling: Guidelines for Determining Model Fit. Dublin Institute of Technology: Articles School of Management.
Hopkins, D. 2000. Instructional Leadership and School Improvement. National College for School Leadership (NCSL).
Hopkins, D. & Murphy. 1987. Assessing and Developing Principal Instructional Leadership. Educational Leadership.
Humphrey, Ronald. H. 2002. The Many Faces of Emotional Leadership. The Leadership Quarterly. 13: 493–504.
Institut Aminuddin Baki. 2008. Standard Kompetensi Kepengetuaan Sekolah Malaysia (SKKSM). Malaysia: IAB Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia.
Institut Aminuddin Baki. 2010. Institut Aminuddin Baki Melangkah ke Hadapan. Malaysia: IAB Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia.
Institut for Educational Leadership. 2000. Leadership for Student Learning: Reinventing the Principalship. Washington, DC: Author.
Interstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium. 2008. Educational Leadership Policy Standards. Washington DC: The National Policy Board for Educational Administration.
Jackson, K. M., & Trochim, W. M. K. 2002. Concept Mapping as an Alternative Approach of Open-Ended Survey Responses. Organizational Research Methods. 5(4): 307–336.
Jemaah Nazir Sekolah. 2010. Standard Kualiti Pendidikan Malaysia. Malaysia: Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia.
Katz, Robert L. 1993. Skills of an Effective Administrator. Harvard Business School Press. Retrieved April 14, 2011 from http://dev.sostreassoc.com.
Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia. 2008. Ringkasan Pembangunan Pendidikan 2001-2010. Perancangan Bersepadu Penjana Kecemerlangan Pendidikan Kementerian Pelajaran Malaysia: Putrajaya.
Kotter, J. 1990. A Force for Change: How Leadership Differs from Management. New York Press.
Leithwood, K., Louis, K.S., Anderson, S. & Wahlstrom, K. 2004. How Leadership Influences Student Learning (Executive Summary). New York: The Wallace Foundation.
Leithwood, K., Louis, K.S., Seashore, K., Wahlstrom, K., Anderson, S., Mascall, B. and Gordon, M. 2010. How Successful Leadership Influences Student Learning: the Second Installment of a Longer Story. Springer International Handbooks of Education.
Lokman Mohd Tahir, M. Al-Muzammil Yasin & Mislina Salleh. 2012. Impak Strategi Politik terhadap Amalan Kepimimpinan Pengajaran Pengetua Cemerlang. Jurnal Teknologi, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. 60(2013): 1–10.
Mauriel, Jhon J. 1989. Strategy Leadership for Schools. San Francisco Oxford: Jossey Bass Publishers.
Mazzeo, Cristopher. 2003. Improving Teaching and Learning by Improving School Leadership. NGA Center for Best Practices
Mustamin & M.Al-Muzzammil Yasin. 2012a. The Competence of School Principals: What Kind of Need Competence for School Success? Journal of Education and Learning. 6(1): 33–42.
Mustamin & M. Al-Muzzammil Yasin. 2012b. Using Concept Mapping to build Concept the Competence of School Principals. Journal of Education and Learning. 6(4): 215–222.
Noordin Hj. Yahaya dan Sharifudin Ismail. 2004. Tingkah Laku Kepimpinan Pengetua dan Hubungannya dengan Tekanan Kerja dan Keberkesanan Organisasi di Beberapa Buah Sekolah Terpilih di Negeri Sembilan. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pengurusan dan Kepimpinan Pendidikan Ke-12 2004.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. 2005. Improving School Leadership: Rationale and Plans for The Activity. Paris: Meeting of National Representatives.
Ovando, M.N. & Ramirez, A. Jr. 2007. Principals’ Intsructional Leadership within a Teacher Performance Appraisal System: Enhancing Students’ Academic Success. Journal Pers. Eval Education. 20: 85–110.
Owens, R.G. 2001. Organizational Behavior in Education: Instructional Leadership and School Reform (7th ed). Retrieved January 21, 2011 from www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal.
Pamudji, S. 1993. Kepemimpinan Pemerintahan di Indonesia. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Indonesia Nombor 13. 2007. Standard Kompetensi Kepala Sekolah. Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan Indonesia.
Purba, Sukarman. 2009. Peningkatan Kompetensi Melalui Pementoran dalam Mewujudkan Profesionalisme Kepala Sekolah. Generasi Kampus Journal. 2(2009): 2.
Rencana Strategis Pendidikan Nasional Indonesia (Renstra). 2009. Kebijakan Pokok Pembangunan Pendidikan Nasional. Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional.
Rahman. 2005. Kepemimpinan Transformasional Berbasis Mutu Pendidikan. Jakarta: Indira Publisher.
Rakhmat. 2010. Konsep Asas Standard Nasional Pendidikan. Makalah kajian workshop Dirjen Mandikdasmen Kementrian Pendidikan Nasional RI.
Sailesh Sharma. 2010. Attributes of School Principals-Leadership Qualities and Capacities. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Institute of Principals Studies, University of Malaya.
Salisbury, C. & McGregor, G. 2005. Principals of Inclusive Schools. Great Urban Schools: Learning Together Builds Strong Communities
Scheerens, J. & Bosker, R. J. 1997. The Foundation of Educational Effectiveness. London: Pergamon.
Schreiber, J. B., Nora, A., Stage, F. K., Barlow, E. A. & King, J. 2006. Reporting Structural Equation Modeling and Confirmatory Factor Analysis Results: A Review. The Journal of Educational Research.
Spencer, Lyle M. & Spencer, Signe M. 1993. Competence Work: Model for Superior Performance. New York, USA: John Willey & Sons, Inc.
Sudrajat, Akhmad. 2008. Tujuh Puluh Persen Kepala Sekolah tidak Kompeten. Retrieved April 9, 2011 from http://www.tempointeraktif.com.
Tilaar, H. A. R. 1998. Beberapa Agenda Reformasi Pendidikan Nasional dalam Perspective Abad 21. Magelang: Tera Indonesia.
Wachidi. 2010. Kedudukan dan Peran Guru dalam Menjalankan Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan (KTSP) untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan. Orasi Ilmiah Pengukuhan Professor bidang Pengkajian Kurikulum. Retrieved April 10, 2011 from http://unib.ac.id.
Wahjosumidjo. 2003. Kepimpinan Kepala Sekolah; Tinjauan Teoritik dan Permasalahannya. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
Waters, T., Marzano, R. J. & McNulty, B. 2003. Balanced LeadershipTM: what 30 Years of Research Tell us about the Effect of Leadership on Student Achievement. A Working Paper McREL’s.
Widhiarso, Wahyu. 2009. Pelatihan Analisis SEM Melalui AMOS. Universitas Gajah Mada (UGM): Fakultas Psikologi.
Yahya Don. 2009. Korelasi dan Pengaruh Kompetensi Emosi terhadap Kepimpinan Pengetua sekolah; Perbandingan antara Sekolah Berkesan dengan Sekolah Kurang Berkesan. Thesis Doktor Falsafah, Universiti Malaya.
Zaleznik, Abraham. 1997. Managers and Leaders: Are They Different? Harvard Business Review on Point Article.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.
