CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, AMINO ACIDS PROFILE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ENZYMATIC PROTEIN HYDROLYSATE FROM Bohadschia marmorata SEA CUCUMBER

Authors

  • Max Robinson Wenno Fishery Product Technology, Fishery and Marine Science Faculty, Pattimura University, Maluku, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1274-8679
  • Fredrik Rieuwpassa Fishery Product Technology, Fishery and Marine Science Faculty, Pattimura University, Maluku, Indonesia
  • Adrianus Ories Willem Kaya Fishery Product Technology, Fishery and Marine Science Faculty, Pattimura University, Maluku, Indonesia
  • Martha Luana Wattimena ishery Product Technology, Fishery and Marine Science Faculty, Pattimura University, Maluku, Indonesia
  • Esterlina Elisabeth Elsina Martha Nanlohy Fishery Product Technology, Fishery and Marine Science Faculty, Pattimura University, Maluku, Indonesia
  • June Christina Tisera Fishery Product Technology, Dr. Djar Wattiheluw University, Maluku, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v86.21501

Keywords:

Sea cucumber, Bohadschia marmorata, protein hydrolysate, enzymatic chemical composition, amino acids p, antioxidant

Abstract

The sea cucumber is one of the potential sub-exports of fisheries. Sea cucumbers contain highly nutritious and bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antibacterial, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral activities. Protein hydrolysates from sea cucumbers have the potential as antioxidants with the ability to reduce free radicals. The objective of this research is to examine the chemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of protein hydrolysates from Bohadschia marmorata sea cucumber. The research method used in this study was experimental and laboratory analysis. The results showed that the chemical composition of fresh Bohadschia marmorata sea cucumber had high moisture content (80.45 %), ash content (4.12 %), low fat content (6.17 %), and low protein content (8.96 %). This could be due to the environmental conditions and nutrient absorption by Bohadschia marmorata sea cucumbers. Fifteen types of amino acids with a total of 53.81 % were obtained from this study. The yield obtained for crude papain enzyme concentration was 16.26 %, and for pure papain enzyme concentration, it was 11.23 %. The antioxidant activity with IC50 > 200 indicates very weak antioxidant activity, and the resulting molecular weight reached 73.93 kDa

References

Kustiariyah. 2007. Sea Cucumbers as a Source of Food and Bioactive Compounds. Indonesian Journal of Aquatic Product Technology. 10(1): 1-8.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v10i1.963.

Witono, Y., Maryanto M., Taruna I., Musahid A. D., Cahyaningati K. 2020. Antioxidant Activity of Protein Hydrolysates Common Barb Fish (Rasbora jacobsoni) from Hydrolysis by Calotropin and Papain Enzymes. Agroteknologi Journal. 14(1): 46-57.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.19184/j-agt.v14i01.14817.

Thenu, J. L. 2016. Functional Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Enzymatic Hydrolyzed Protein from Dolphin Fish (Coryphaena hippurus) Roes. Thesis. Brawijaya University.

URl: http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/156001.

Wattimena, M. L., Thenu J. L., Wenno M. R., Nendissa D. M., and Soukotta D. 2019. Phisico-Chemical and Microbial Characteristics and Antibacterial Activities of the Fermented Viscera Fish Sauce. Journal of Food Processing and Technology. 11(818): 1-6.

Doi: http://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7110.20.11.818.

Wenno, M. R., Suprayitno E., Aulani‟am A., and Hardoko. 2016. The Physicochemical Characteristics and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitory Activity of Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) "Bakasang". Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences and engineering). 78(4-2): 11-124.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v78.8191.

Wenno, M. R., Thenu J. L., and M. L. Wattimena. 2020. Chemical Composition, Amino Acids Profile and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitory Activities of Skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamisi) Roe Hydrolysate. Asian Food Science Journal. 17(6): 50-57.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.9734/afsj/2020/v17i430200.

Fakih, T. M., and Dewi M. L. 2020. Molecular Modelling of Marine Bioactive Peptides as Natural Anticoagulants against Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 Enzymes. Galenika Journal of Pharmacy. 6(2): 347-355.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2020.v6.i2.15041.

Hafiludin, Andayani S., Kartikaningsih H., and Firdaus M. 2021.Utilization of Paromoionchis tumidus Sea Snail Extract as an Anti-Inflammatory Agent on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mouse Lymphocytes through the Inhibition of the TRL4 and NF-kB Pathways. Thesis. Universitas Brawijaya.

URl: http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/188166.

Murtihapsari, M., Roreng, M. K., Parubak, A., and Rahman, A. 2021. In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Marine Sponge Xestospongia sp. Collected from Yapen Island, Papua. Tropical Marine Journal. 24(2): 177-184.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v24i2.10107.

Mayer, A. M. S., Rodriguez A. D., Berlinck R. G. S., and Fusetani N. 2011. Marine Compounds with Antibacterial, Anticoagulant, Antifungal, Anti- Inflammatory, Antimalarial, Antiprotozoal, Antituberculosis, and Antiviral Activities; Affecting The Immune and Nervous System, and Other Miscellaneous Mechanisms of Action. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Elsevier Journal. 153(2): 191-222.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cbpc.2010.08.008.

Ardiansyah, A. 2016. Extraction and Oral Suspension Formulation of Sea Cucumber Holothuria scraba as Source of Antioxidants. Oseanology and Limnology in Indonesia, 1(1): 29-37. URl: http://jurnal-oldi.or.id.

Waja, A. A., Adi, T. K., Hanapi A., and Fasya A. G. 2014. The Antioxidant Capacity and Total Phenoloc Compound Content of Sea Cucumber (Holothuria scraba) Extract from Kenjeran Surabaya. Alchemy. 3(1): 76-83.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.18860/al.v0i0.2901.

Nurhamzah, L. Y., Agustini, T. W., and Fahmi S. 2022. Antioxidant Stability of Black Sea Cucumber Extract (Holothuria atra) on Temperature and Heating Time. Nutrition Scientific Journal. 1(1): 8-20.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.37058/nsj.v1i1.5897.

Avigail, Y., Yudianti, E., and Pringgenies, D. 2019. Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content from Extract Sea Cucumber in Karimunjawa Island, Jepara. Journal of Marine Research. 8(4): 346-354.

URl: http://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/jmr.

Safari, R., and Yaghoubzadeh, Z. 2020. Antioxidant Activity of Bioactive Peptides Extracted from Sea Cucumber (Holothuria leucospitala). International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics. (6): 2393-2398.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10989-020-10031-9.

Esmat, A. Y., Said, M. M., Soliman, A. A. 2013. Bioactive Compound, Antioxidant Potential, and Hepatoprotective Activity of Sea Cucumber (holothuria atra) against Thioacetamide Intoxication in Rats. Nutrition. 29: 258-267.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2012.06.004.

Althunibat, O., Hashim, R. B., Taher, M., Daud, J. M., Ikeda, M. A., and Zali, B. I. 2009. In Vitro Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Three Malaysian Sea Cucumber Species. European Journal of Scientific Research. 37(3): 376-387.

URl: http://www.eurojournals.com/ejsr.htm.

Jin, A. X., Xu, H. P., Li, Y., Zhang, Q. W., and Xie H. 2019. Preparation and Evaluation of Peptides with Potential Antioxidant Activity by Microwave Assisted Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Collagen from Sea Cucumber Acaudina molpadioides Obtained from Zhejiang Province in China. Marine Drug. 17(169): 1-14.

URl: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/marinedrugs.

[AOAC] Association of Official Analytical Chemist. 2005. Official Methods of Analysis of The Association of Official Analytical Chemist 17th Edition. Agriculture Chemicals Contaminant drug. Maryland, AOAC International, USA.

Molyneux, P. 2004. The Use of The Stable Free Radical Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) for Estimating Antioxidant Activity. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology. 26(2): 211-219.

URl: http://rdo.psu.ac.th/sjstweb/index.php.

LaemmLi, U. K. 1970. Cleavage of Structural Proteins During the Assembly of The Head of Bacteriophage T4. Journal of Nature. 227(5259): 680-685.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/227680a0.

Gafari, A. 2011. Fatty Acid Characteristics of Baby lonia spirata, Meretrix meretrik and Pholas dactylus Meat. Thesis. Bogor Agricultural University.

URl: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/48067.

Dewi, Abdul H. L., and Musdalifah N. 2017. Lipid Contain of Meat Black Sea Cucumber (Holothruria Edulis), Sand Sea Cucumber (Holothruria Scabra) and Its Implementation as a medium of Learning. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Biologi. 5(2): 20-29. URl: http://jurnal.untad.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/EBiol/article/view/9368.

Ridhowati, S., Chasanah E., Syah D., and Zakaria F. 2018. A Study on the Nutrient Substance of Sea Cucumber Stichopus variegatus Flour using Vacuum Drying. International Food Research Journal. 25(4): 1419-1426.

URl: http://ifrj.upm.edu.my/volume-25-2018.htmL.

Gianto, G., Suhandana M., and Putri R. M. S. 2017. Composition of Amino Acid in Golden Sea Cucumber (Stichopus horrens) in Bintan Island, Riau Islands. FishTech Journal. 6(2):186-192.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.36706/fishtech.v6i2.5850.

One, N. S., Idiawati N., Prayitno D. I., Minsas S., and Fajri M. 2021. Identification and Proximate Analysis of Thelenota ananas Sea Cucumber from Kabung Island. Naturalis Journal. 10(1): 46-52.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.31186/naturalis.10.1.14787.

Wen, J., Hu C., and Fan S. 2010. Chemical Composition and Nutritional Quality of Sea Cucumbers. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 90: 2469-2474.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4108.

Dewi, K. H. 2008. Study on the Extraction of Steroid from Sandfish (Holothuria Scabra) as Natural Testosterone. Dissertation. Bogor Agricultural University.

URl: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/41026.

Lubis, A. F., Purwaningsih S., and Tarman K. Actioxidant Activity in Tablet Formulation of “Keling” (Holothuria atra) Sea Cucumber. Berkala Perikanan Terubuk. 44(2): 51-69.

URl: https://terubuk.ejournal.unri.ac.id/index.php/JT/article/view/3466/3380.

Oedjoe, M. D. R. 2017. Composition of Nutritional Content of Sea Cucumber (Holothuroidea) in Mania Waters, Sabu Raijua Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development. 8(7):1-3.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-9546.1000502.

Susanto I. 2010. Antioxidant Activity and Bioactive Component in Golden Snail (Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck). Thesis. Bogor Agricultural University.

URl: http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/62729.

Sicuro, B., Piccinno M., Gai F., Abete M. C., Danieli A., Dapra F., Mioletti S., and Vilella S. 2012. Food Quality and Safety of Mediterranean Sea Cucumber and Holothuria polii in Southern Adriatic Sea. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances. 7(9): 851-859.

Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajava.2012.851.859.

Salarzadeh, A., Afkhami M., Bastami K. D., Ehsanpour M. and Khazaali A., and Mokhlesi A. 2012. Proximate Composition of Two Sea Cucumber Species Holothuria pavra and Holothuria arenicola in Persian Gulf. Annals of Biology Research Journal. 3: 1305-1311.

URl: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230750782

Ketharani, U., and Sivashanthini K. 2016. Nutritional Composition of Selected Species of Sea Cucumbers from Waters Around Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka. Ving. Journal of Science. 13(1): 67-72. URl: https://docslib.org/doc/2427956

Pownall, T. L., Udenigwe C. C., and Aluko R. E. 2010. Amino Acid Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Pea Seed (Pisum Sativum L.) Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysate Fractions. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 58: 4712-4718.

Doi: 10.1021/jf904456r.

Hermawati, I. N., Nursape’i N. D., Maharani S., Astriani T., Kusniasih N., and Harun N. 2022. Podcast (Potency of Bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana) Special Plants as a Destroyer of Covid-19). Jurnal Kesehatan. 9(1): 6-15.

URl: https://ojs.stikesmucis.ac.id/index.php/jurkes/article/view/121/83.

Esfandi R., Walters M. E., and Tsopmo A. 2019. Antioxidant Properties and Potential Mechanisms of Hydrolyzed Proteins and Peptides from Cereals. Heliyon. 5(4): 2405-2431.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.heliyon.2019.e01538.

Asadayanti, D. D., Jenie, B. S. L., Kusu aningrum H. D. dan Nurhidayaf N. 2010. Improvement of Lovastatin Angkak Production by Monascus purpureus Strains Co-Cultured with Endomycopsis burtonii. Berita Biologi Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Hayati. 10(3): 313-321.

DOI: https://e-journal.biologi.lipi.go.id/index.php/berita_biologi/article/view/746/518.

Belkaaloul, K., Chekroun A., Ait-Abdesalam A., Saidi D., and Kheroua O. 2010. Growth, Acidification and Proteolysis Performance of Two Co-cultures (Lactobacillus plantarum, Bifidobacterium longum and Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium longum). African Journal of Biotechnology. 9(10): 1463-1469.

Doi: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB09.1090.

Baehaki A., Lestari S. D., and Romadhoni A. R. 2015. Protein Hydrolysis from Catfish Prepared by Papin Enzyme and Antioxidant Activity of Hydrolyzate. Indonesian Journal of Aquatic Product Technology. 18(3): 230-239.

Doi: 10.17844/jphpi.2015.18.3.230.

Downloads

Published

2024-03-27

Issue

Vol. 86 No. 3: May 2024

Section

Science and Engineering

License

Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.

How to Cite

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, AMINO ACIDS PROFILE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ENZYMATIC PROTEIN HYDROLYSATE FROM Bohadschia marmorata SEA CUCUMBER. (2024). Jurnal Teknologi (Sciences & Engineering), 86(3), 195-203. https://doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v86.21501