NUTRIENT LEACH FROM CONCRETE ARTIFICIAL REEF INCORPORATING WITH ORGANIC MATERIAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v78.8231Keywords:
Recycled aggregate, artificial reef, organic material, compressive strength, density, organic nutrientAbstract
Solid waste from the construction site has always been an environmental issue in this country. Poor management has often resulted with the solid waste being dumped in open field even though these waste materials be recycled for new products. The recycled waste  will not only reduce the environmental problem, but it will also contribute to new innovations and technology. This article discusses the design and fabrication of the artificial reef using recycled waste concrete from the construction industry. The artificial reef is added with organic material which is peanut’s shell. The organic material was used to provide organic nutrients inside the artificial reef. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the compressive strength of the reef and to measure the organic nutrients; nitrate (NO3N) and phosphorus (TP) released from the reef when it was placed in the water. From the results, it was found that the artificial reef with added peanut’s shell achieved a maximum compressive strength of 31.3 MPa. It was also found that the organic material in the reef dispersed nutrients into the water.
References
NOAA's National Ocean Service. 2014. http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/artificial-reef.html.
Seaman, W., Jensen, A. C. 2000. Purposes And Practices Of Artificial Reef Evaluation. In: Seaman, W. (Ed.). Artificial Reef Evaluation with Application to Natural Marine Habitats. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. 2-19.
Pitcher, T. J. and W. Seaman, Jr. 2000. Petrarch’s Principle: How Protected Human-Made Reefs Can Help The Reconstruction Of Fisheries And Marine Ecosystems. Fish Fisheries. 1: 73-81.
Fabi, G., Fiorentini, L., Giannini, S. 1989. Experimental Shellfish Culture On An Artificial Reef In The Adriatic Sea. Bulletin of Marine Science. 44(2): 734-742.
Reddy, P. S. 1988. Genetics, Breeding And Varieties. In: Groundnut, Ed. P.S Reddy. New Delhi, India: Indian Council of Agricultural Research.
Simon, F. Thrush, Michael Townsend, Judi, E. Hewitt, Kate Davies, Andrew, M. Lohrer, Carolyn Lundquist, Katie Cartner. 2013. The Many Uses and Values of Estuarine Ecosystem. In Dymond JR ed. Ecosystem series in New Zealand, conditions and trends, Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln, New Zealand. 336-237.
Ming Kang, Jing Wang and Hongwen Huang. 2015. Nitrogen Limitation As A Driver Of Genome Size Evolution In A Group Of Karst Plants. Scientific Reports. 5: 11636.
Belén González & Fernando MartÃnez. 2001. Shear Strength of Concrete with Recycled Aggregates. School of Civil Engineering, University of a Coruña (ETSICCP, UDC), Spain.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.
