EFFECTS OF BEATING ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF MALAYSIAN DURIAN (DURIO ZIBETHINUS MURR.) RIND CHEMI-MECHANICAL (CMP) PULP AND PAPER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v80.9804Keywords:
Durian, Durio Zibethinus Murr., durian rind, beating, chemi-mechanical, pulpAbstract
The effects of beating on the characteristics of pulp and paper derived from durian rind under chemi-mechanical pulping (CMP) method were investigated. All process and characteristic tests were conducted according to Malaysian International Organization for Standardization (MS ISO) and Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI). The unbeaten durian rind CMP pulp (control pulp) was beaten by using PFI mill at three (3) different beating levels; 1000, 2000 and 3000 revolutions. It was found that durian rind CMP pulp drainage time was increased (longer time) and freeness level was decreased as the beating revolutions were increased compared to the control pulp. The result shows that paper bulk density and overall mechanical characteristics (tensile index, tear index, burst index and folding no.) of 60 gsm durian rind CMP hand sheets were increased with the increment of beating revolutions.Â
References
Khedari, J., Charoenvai, S. and Hirunlabh, J. 2003. New Insulating Particleboards from Durian Peel and Coconut Coir. Building and Environment. 38(3): 435-441.
Khedari, J., Nankongnab, N., Hirunlabh, J. and Teekasap, S. 2004. New Low-cost Insulation Particleboards from Mixture of Durian Peel and Coconut Coir. Building and Environment. 39(1): 59-65.
Khedari, J., Suttisonk, B., Pratinthong, N., and Hirunlabh, J. 2001. New Lightweight Composite Construction Materials with Low Thermal Conductivity. Cement & Concrete Composites. 23(1): 65-70.
Lau, K., Cheung, K. H., Hui, D., Asasutjarit, C., Charoenvai, S., Hirunlabh, J. and Khedari, J. 2009. Materials and Mechanical Properties of Pretreated Coir-based Green Composites. Composites: Part B: Engineering. 40(7): 633-637.
Charoenvai, S., Khedari, J., Hirunlabh, J. and Asasutjarit, C. 2011. Development of Durian Fiber-based Composite Material. The Second TSME International Conference on Mechanical Engineering. Krabi, Thailand. 19-21 October 2011. 1-8.
Charoenvai, S., Khedari, J., Hirunlabh, J., Asasurjit, C., Zeghmati, B., Quenard, D. and Pratintong, N. 2005. Heat and Moisture Transport in Durian Fiber based Lightweight Construction Materials. Solar Energy. 78(4): 543-553.
Charoenvai, S., Khedari, J., Hirunlabh, J., Daguenet, M. and Quenard, D. 2005. Impact of Rice Husk Ash on the Performance of Durian Fiberbased Construction Materials. 10DBMC International Conference On Durability of Building Materials and Components. Lyon, France. 17-20 April 2005. 1-9.
Asasutjarit, C., Hirunlabh, J., Khedari, J., Charoenvai, S., Zeghmati, B. and Shin, U. C. 2007. Development of Coconut Coir-based Lightweight Cement Board. Construction and Building Material. 21(2): 277-288.
Khedari, J., Rawangkul, R., Chimchavee, W., Hirunlabh, J. and Watanasungsuit, A. 2003. Feasibility Study of Using Agriculture Waste as Desiccant for Air Conditioning System. Renewable Energy. 28(10): 1617-1628.
Wong, W. and Abbas, F. 2008. Modification of Durian Rind Pectin for Improved Biosorbent Ability. International Food Research Journal. 15(3): 363-365.
Hameed, B. H. and Hakimi, H. 2008. Utilization of Durian (Durio zibethinus Murray) Peel as Low Cost Sorbent for the Removal of Acid Dye from Aqueous Solutions. Biochemical Engineering Journal. 39(2): 338-343.
Foo, K. Y. and Hameed, B. H. 2012. Textural Porosity, Surface Chemistry and Adsorptive Properties of Durian Shell Derived Activated Carbon Prepared by Microwave Assisted NaOH Activation. Chemical Enginering Journal. 187: 53-62.
Foo, K. Y. and Hameed, B. H. 2012. A Cost Effective Method for Regeneration of Durian Shell and Jackfruit Peel Activated Carbons by Microwave Irradiation. Chemical Engineering Journal. 193-194: 404-409.
Kamaruddin, M. A., Yusoff, M. S. and Ahmad, M. A. 2012. Optimization of Preparation Conditions for Durian Peel-based Activated Carbon for the Removal of COD and Ammoniacal Nitrogen (NH3-N) using Response Surface Methodology. Kuwait Journal of Science and Engineering. 39(1B): 37-58.
Rachtanapun, P. Luangkamin, S., Tanprasert, K. and Suriyatem, R. 2012. Carboxymethylcellulose Film from Durian Rind. LWT-Food Science and Technology. 48(1): 52-58.
Brown, M. J. 1997. Durio-A Bibliographic Review. New Delhi, India: International Plant Genetic Resources Institute Office for South East Asia.
Amid, B. T., Mirhosseini, H. and Kostadinović, S. 2012. Chemical Composition And Molecular Structure Of Polysaccharide-Protein Biopolymer From Durio Zibethinus Seed: Extraction And Purification Process. Chemistry Central Journal. 6(1):117.
Booncherm, P. and Siriphanich, J. 1991. Postharvest Physiology of Durian Pulp and Husk. Kasetsart Journal (Natural Science). 25(5):119-125.
Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry Malaysia. 2015. Agrofood Statistics 2014. Putrajaya: Information Management and Statistics Section, Policy and Strategic Planning Division.
Manshor, M. R. Anuar, H. Nur Aimi, M. N. Ahmad Fitrie, M. I. Wan Nazri, W. B. Sapuan, S. M. El-Shekeil, Y. A. and Wahit, M. U. Mechanical, Thermal and Morphological Properties of Durian Skin Fibre Reinforced PLA Biocomposites. Material and Design. 59: 279-286.
Linda Jana, S., Nurcahyani Oktavia, H. and Dewi, W. 2010. The Using of Durian Peels Trashes as a Potential Source of Fiber to Prevent Colorectal Cancer. Surakarta: Medical Faculty, Sebelas Maret University.
Abdul Latip, N. H., Abdul Latif, P. and Halimoon, N. 2009. Durian Husk as an Alternative Packing Material for Biofiltration of Ammonia Polluted Gaseous Streams. Proceeding of Postgraduate Colloquium Semester 1 2009/2010. Universiti Putra Malaysia. 232-238.
Penjumras, P., Rahman, R. B. A., A. Talib, R. and Abdan, K. 2014. Extraction and Characterization of Cellulose from Durian Rind. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia. 2: 237-243.
Zddin, Z. and Risby, M. 2010. Durian Husk as Potential Source for Particleboard Industry. AIP Conference Proceedings. 1217: 546-553.
Nur Aimi, N., Anuar, H., Manshor, M. R., Wan Nazri, W. B. and Sapuan, S. M. 2014. Optimizing the Parameters in Durian Skin Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites by Response Surface Methodology. Industrial Crops and Products. 54: 291-295.
Masrol, S. R., Ibrahim, M. H. I. and Adnan, S. 2015. Chemi-Mechanical Pulping of Durian Rinds. Procedia Manufacturing. 2: 171-180.
Masrol, S. R., Ibrahim, M. H. I., Adnan, S., Ahmad Tajudin, M. S. A., Abdul Raub, R., Abdul Razak, S. N. A. and Md Zain, S. N. F. 2017. Effects of Total Chlorine Free (TCF) Bleaching on the Characteristics Of Chemi-Mechanical (CMP) Pulp And Paper From Malaysian Durian (Durio Zibethinus Murr.) Rind. Jurnal Teknologi. 79(4): 55-64.
Bhardwaj, N. K., Duong, T. D. and Nguyen, K. L. 2004. Pulp Charge Determination by Different Methods: Effect of Beating/Refining. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical Engineering Aspects. 236(1-3): 39-44.
Bhardwaj, N. K., Hoang, V. and Nguyen, K. L. 2007. Effect of refining on Pulp Surface Charge Accessible to Polydadmac and FTIR Characteristic Bands of High Yield Kraft Fibres. Bioresource Technology. 98(4): 962-966.
Main, N. M., A Talib, R., Ibrahim, R., Abdul Rahman, R. and Mohamed, A. Z. 2015. Linerboard Made from Soda-anthraquinone (Soda-AQ) treated Coconut Coir Fiber and Effect of Pulp Beating. BioResources. 10(4): 6975-6992.
Bhardwaj, N. K., Hoang, V. and Nguyen, K. L. 2007. A comparative Study of the Effect of Refining on Physical and Electrokinetic Properties of Various Cellulosic Fibres. Bioresource Technology. 98(8): 1647-1654.
Banavath, H. N., Bhardwaj, N. K. and Ray, A. K. 2011. A Comparative Study of the Effect of Refining on Charge of Various Pulps. Bioresource Technology. 102(6): 4544-4551.
Jiménez, L., Serrano, L., RodrÃguez, A. and Sánchez, R. 2009. Soda-anthraquinone Pulping of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunches and Beating of the Resulting Pulp. Bioresource Technology. 100(3): 1262-1267.
Mohd Hassan, N. H., Muhammed, S. and Ibrahim, R. 2013. Effect of Soda-anthraquinone Pulping Conditions and Beating Revolution on the Mechanical Properties of Paper made from Gigantochloa scortechinii (Semantan Bamboo). The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences. 17(1): 75-84.
Masrol, S. R., Ibrahim, M. H. I., Adnan, S., Amir Shah, M. S. S., Main, N. M., Esa, M. F. and Othman, M. H. 2015. Effect of Beating Process to Soda Anthraquinone Pulp of Oil Palm Male Flower Spikes Fibre. Applied Mechanics and Materials. 773-774: 158-162.
Masrol, S. R., Ibrahim, M. H. I., Adnan, S., Amir Shah, M. S. S., Main, N. M., Esa, M. F. and Othman, M. H. 2014. Soda Anthraquinone Pulping of Oil Palm Male Flower Spikes. Applied Mechanics and Materials. 660: 373-377.
Gharehkhani, S., Sadeghinezhad, E., Kazi, S. N., Yarmand, H., Badarudin, A., Safaei, M. R. and Zubir, M. N. M. 2015. Basic Effects of Pulp Refining on Fiber Properties-A Review. Carbohydrate Polymers. 115: 785-803.
Samariha, A. 2011. Effect of Beating Value on Bagasse CMP Pulp Fiber Characteristics. World Applied Sciences Journal. 12(11): 1987-1988.
Ibrahim, R. 2003. Effect of Refining on Fibre Morphology and Drainage of Soda Pulp Derived from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches. Journal of Tropical Forest Products. 9(1&2): 26-34.
Rushdan, I., Latifah, J., Hoi, W. K. and Mohd Nor, M. Y. 2007. Commercial-scale Production of Soda Pulp and Medium Paper from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches. Journal of Tropical Forest Science. 19(3): 121-126.
Mohd Hassan, N. H. Muhammed, S. and Ibrahim, R. 2014. Properties of Gigantochloa scortechinii Paper Enhancement by Beating Revolution. Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science. 2: 59-67.
Mohamad Jani, S. and Rushdan, I. 2014. Effect of Bleaching on Coir Fibre Pulp and Paper Properties. Journal of Tropical Agriculture and Food Science. 42(1): 51-61.
Akgül, M. and Tozluoglu, A. 2009. A Comparison of Soda and soda-AQ Pulps from Cotton Stalks. African Journal of Biotechnology. 8(22): 6127-6133.
Jahan, M. S., Sabina, R. and Rubaiyat, A. 2008. Alkaline Pulping and Bleaching of Acacia Auriculiformis Grown in Bangladesh. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 32(4): 339-347.
Main, N. M., A. Talib, R., Ibrahim, R., Abdul Rahman, R. and Mohamed, A. Z. 2014. Suitability of Coir Fibers as Pulp and Paper. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia. 2: 304-311.
Ibrahim, R. 2003. Structural, Mechanical and Optical Properties of Recycled Paper Blended with Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch. Journal of Oil Palm Research.15(2): 28-34.
Seth, R. S. 2006. The Importance of Fibre Straightness for Pulp Strength. Pulp and Paper Canada. 107(1): 34-42.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright of articles that appear in Jurnal Teknologi belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions, or any other reproductions of similar nature.
