War and Death Imagery in Ernest Hemingway’s Novel ‘‘For Whom the Bell Tolls’’
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11113/lspi.v12.23321Abstract
This qualitative study employs van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to examine Ernest Hemingway's "For Whom the Bell Tolls," focusing on the depiction of violence and death. The impact of the novel on American English literature is significant, influencing narratives of war and human conflict. This study addresses a gap in existing research by analyzing images of violence and death at both micro and macro levels through CDA. The objectives include uncovering the ideological and power structures within the text, as revealed through stylistic methods, symbolism, and linguistic techniques. By reviewing previous studies on Hemingway's portrayal of the Spanish Civil War and its effects on individuals, the research highlights the central role of the protagonists in these depictions. CDA is employed to reveal deeper meanings and expose inherent power structures and ideological frameworks. Notable findings include insights into themes of alienation, mortality, and human psychology during conflict. The study aims to enhance the understanding of Hemingway's narrative, contributing new perspectives on the complexities of war and its impact on the human condition.
References
Benjamin, Y. (2019). Times of War-Temporality as a Narrative Device in War Literature During and about the Spanish Civil War. Doctoral Dissertation. University of Haifa (Israel).
Dey, R., & Singh, S. War and Human Predicament: A Study of Hemingway’s for Whom the Bell Tolls.
Doebler, M. (2023). The Anti-Fascism of Ernest Hemingway. Doctoral Dissertation, Appalachian State University).
Abbar, E. M. (2024). Exploring Hemingway's Depiction of War Violence: Psychological and Societal Impacts in Selected Novels. Academia Open, 9(2), 1021070.
Egnal, M. (2024). A Mirror for History: How Novels and Art Reflect the Evolution of Middle-class America. Univ. of Tennessee Press.
Van Dijk, T. A. (2015). Critical Discourse Analysis. The Handbook of Discourse Analysis, 466485.
Nazish, F., Bibi, S., Naseer, S., & Mukhdoom, H. (2021). Turbulence and Turmoil: A Case of Self-transcendence and Meaning Seeking in the Novel for Whom the Bell Tolls by Earnest Hemingway. Jahan-e-Tahqeeq, 4(3), 751759.
Khale, A. (2023). Historical Contexts, Literary Voices: Exploring Resistance and Marginalized Narratives in Hemingway's' For Whom the Bell Tolls' through a New Historicist Framework.
Sharma, V. K. (2023). Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms and For Whom the Bell Tolls: Two Sides of a Coin.
Greenspan, A. (2023). Ernest Hemingway at War: The Question of Courage. Journal of Arts and Humanities, 12(08), 0107.
Greenspan, A. (2023). Ernest Hemingway at War: The Question of Courage. Journal of Arts and Humanities, 12(08), 0107.
Nuraliev, U. A., & Tsugaeva, E. R. (2023). The Theme of the Spanish Civil War in E. Hemingway’s Novel “For Whom the Bell Tolls”. In SHS Web of Conferences (Vol. 172, p. 06004). EDP Sciences.
Bakker, J. (2022). Ernest Hemingway in Holland 1925-1981: A Comparative Analysis of the Contemporary Dutch and American Critical Reception of His Work. In Ernest Hemingway in Holland 19251981. Brill.
Jamil, M. J., Zehra, S. N., & Sajid, M. A. (2022). Social Class and Ideology: A Critical Social Analysis of Newspapers’ Headlines. Journal of Languages, Culture and Civilization, 4(3), 341349.
Khan, M. M. (2015). A Critical Study of Inter-Discursive Constructions of Language in Novel Texts. Doctoral Dissertation, National University of Modern Languages Islamabad).
Vedernikova, T. V., & Soloshenko-Zadniprovska, N. K. (2014). World Literature.
Chriss, W. J. (2021). The Protagonists in For Whom the Bell Tolls as Heroes on Joseph Campbell’s Journey. Master's Thesis. Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi).
Guill, S. (2020). The Red and White Terrors: Civil War and Political Savagery in Ernest Hemingway's for Whom the Bell Tolls. The Hemingway Review, 40(1), 2952.
Malepati, P., & Devi, L. (2024). Exploring Ernest Hemingway’s Impact on the Legacy of American Short Fiction. Cankaya University Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 18(1), 172181.
Goodman, N. M. (2022). The Challenging of Gender and Sexual Politics in Ernest Hemingway's Works. Master's Thesis, College of Charleston.
Eisler, D. F. (2022). Writing Wars: Authorship and American War Fiction, WWI to Present. University of Iowa Press.
Iqbal, N., Hayat, U., & Nadeem, M. A. (2021). The Ethos of War Literature in for Whom.
Paul, S., & Larson, K. A. (2020). Current Bibliography. The Hemingway Review, 40(1), 142170.
Hvashøj, M. S. (2022). Staging Trauma: Trauma and Masculinity in the War Fiction of Ernest Hemingway and Tim O'Brien. Master's Thesis. The University of Bergen).
Orent, M. (2023). Translating Emotions: Emotive Aspect in Ernest Hemingway’s' for Whom the Bell Tolls' and its Polish Translation by Bronisław Zieliński. Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching, (20/2), 97125.
KC, C. B. (2021). For Whom the Bell Tolls: A Story of War for the Cause of Humanity and Democracy. Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences, 2(1), 4351.
Guill, S. (2020). The Red and White Terrors: Civil War and Political Savagery in Ernest Hemingway's for Whom the Bell Tolls. The Hemingway Review, 40(1), 2952.
Chriss, W. J. (2021). The Protagonists in For Whom the Bell Tolls as Heroes on Joseph Campbell’s Journey. Master's Thesis, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi).
NDIAYE, A. Courage In for Whom the Bell Tolls by Ernest Hemingway and the Red Badge of Courage by Stephen Crane.
Bhuiyan, A. (2018). The Line in the Sand: A Feminist and New-Historicist Exploration of the Treatments of the Female Characters in Ernest Hemingway’s Novels the Sun Also Rises and a Farewell to Arms, and Short Stories “Soldier’s Home” and “Hills Like White Elephants”. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Thought, 07(03), 201–250.
Picón, J. A. G. (2022). The Point of View Approach in for Whom the Bell Tolls and EFL Literature Teaching. Revista de Lenguas Modernas, 35, 155175.
Benjamin, Y. (2019). Times of War-Temporality as a Narrative Device in War Literature During and about the Spanish Civil War. Master's Thesis. University of Haifa (Israel).
Munshid, H. M., & Ahu, A. G. (2021). The Portrayal of the Image of Love in Hemingway's Selected Novels. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(5), 213223.
Malepati, P., & Devi, L. (2024). Exploring Ernest Hemingway’s Impact on the Legacy of American Short Fiction. Cankaya University Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 18(1), 172181.
Ozwald, T. (2019). Between Sport and Tragedy: Hemingway's Passion for Bullfighting. Sport in History, 39(3), 334349.
Chriss, W. J. (2021). The Protagonists in For Whom the Bell Tolls as Heroes on Joseph Campbell’s Journey. Master's Thesis. Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi.
Kiho, R. (2019). The Dark Domain of Twentieth Century Litterateurs' Suicides: A Study of the Select Works of Virginia Woolf, Ernest Hemingway, Sylvia Plath and Anne Sexton. Doctoral Dissertation. Nagaland University.
Sharp, D. (2024). For Whom the Bell Tolls: Misophonia as a Complex Experience of Hope and Dread in Self-with-other Regulation. Psychoanalysis, Self and Context, 116.
Digambarrao, M. A. S. D. K. (2022). Review of Romantic and Expressionist Elements in Selected Novels by Ernest Hemingway. African Diaspora Journal of Mathematics Multidisciplinary UGC CARE GROUP I, 25(5), 122135.
